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The two earliest versions of Ramayana in the vernacular are from the South

Kambar's rAmAvatAram - 12th cen (Tamil)
Nagachandra's Ramachandra Charitapurana - 12th cen (Kannada)

Ramacharitham in Malayalam is perhaps the oldest Malayalam text (early 13th cen)
Note that these texts predate any version of the epic in any other Prakrit language

The earliest version in a Hindi dialect is Goswami Tulsidas's Ramcharitmanas from 16th century
In fact just as the Tulsi Ghat in Varanasi is associated with the composition of Ramcharitmanas, there is a mandap in the Srirangam temple, where the poet Kambar first "premiered" (released) his great work

The mandapam is frequented by pilgrims everyday
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Śrīkānta Kṛṣṇamācārya
@shrikanth_krish
Two problems in this tribute

1. Wrong to say Nehru's persona gave India a geopolitical stature it didn't deserve

India's share of Asian GDP higher in 1950 than in 2000

2. Nehru was no great Hindu lawgiver. Hindu society had reformist tendencies for atleast 100 yrs before Nehru
As Rao himself notes, Nehru failed to reform Muslim society. He was no great Muslim lawgiver. In part because Muslim society was less willing to "reform" than Hindu society

To give credit to Nehru is to not acknowledge the currents with H-society which led to 1956 Act
Rao takes great pleasure in calling India piss-poor and other such abject terms

But as a banker he should know that geopolitical / economic heft is always assessed in "relative" terms not absolute
Read 5 tweets
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Śrīkānta Kṛṣṇamācārya
@shrikanth_krish
Choose option

(MT - mother tongue)
(IT - Indian tongue)
(H - Hindi)

1. MT H, can't speak any other IT
2. MT Non-H, can't speak any other IT
3. MT H, can speak one more IT
4. MT Non-H, can speak H, no other IT
5. MT Non-H, can speak Hindi+one more IT

>1 IT part of "one more IT"
If you responded 1 or 2 -

Another poll

Do you belong to 1 or 2
Post-script : Would have liked to split 1 and 2 in the first poll, but twitter allows for just 4 options in its polls
Read 4 tweets
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Śrīkānta Kṛṣṇamācārya
@shrikanth_krish
During 1720s post Aurangazeb's death, Mughal hold began to loosen on many provinces

But the Nawab of Bengal was one person who was most loyal to Delhi and sent the maximum revenue!

Name : Suryanarayan Mishra! (later Murshid Quli Khan, founder of Murshidabad)
Mishraji was enslaved by a Persian at the age of 10

He traveled with his master to Persia, and returned to India in his 20s

Became close to the aged Aurangazeb who appointed him the Diwan of Bengal

Later became the first independent Nawab of Bengal circa 1720
Mishraji was succeeded by his son-in-law Shuja-ud-Din Muhammad Khan and then his grandson Sarfaraz Khan

But his dynasty did not continue

Aliverdi Khan toppled this dynasty - Siraj ud-Daula (of the Battle of Plassey infamy) was Aliverdi's grandson, and no relation to Mishraji
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Anamika
@AnaMyID
"Embracing Sita with both his arms, Kakutstha (Rama) made her drink pure Maireya wine, even as Indra makes Shachi partake of nectar.

Servants quickly served flesh-meat variously dressed, & fruits of various kinds for the use of Rama" #Ramayana Verse referred by #SwamiVivekananda
#SwamiVivekananda: "Sita Devi vows meat, rice, and a thousand jars of wine to the river-goddess, Ganga!"

"Be merciful to us, O goddess, & I shall, on my return home, worship thee with a thousand jars of arrack (spirituous liquor) & rice well-dressed with flesh-meat." (#Ramayana)
#SwamiVivekananda on vegetarian Vaishnavas: "Instances are found in the Ramayana and the Mahabharata of the drinking of wine and the taking of meat by Rama and Krishna, whom they worship as God! Sita Devi vows meat, rice, and a thousand jars of wine to the river-goddess, Ganga!!"
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əbʰɪ əʋət̪əns̪ अभिअवतंस
@avtansa
Quintessential Indian dish from southern India 'Dosa' (दोसा) has its origin in #Tamil word tōcai = rice flat pancake, which has reached us via #Kannada. dōse, #Tulu dōsè, & #Malayalam dōśa. Interestingly this Dosa was also borrowed in Middle Indo-Aryan as dhosaka धोसक.
Surprisingly this avatar of Dosa i.e. Dhosak धोसक survives in Eastern India in the form of ḍhuskā ढुस्का (a popular rice-lentils dish of Jharkhand & Odisa). This was in area of language contact between North Dravidian (like Kurux) and Indo-Aryan languages.
Perhaps the word Dosa has its origin in Proto South Dravidian *dōc-ai.
Dhosaka has been attested in classical Sanskrit in MIA period (P. K. Gode, Indian Linguistics 16. 226-31).
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vktkv
@Vktkv
October 24th is R K Laxman's birthday. His early work was mostly in Kannada for the humor magazine "Koravanji"/ Posting some from Koravanji
"ರೇಶನ್ ಆಫೀಸರ ಮಗ ಕಣೋ ಅವನು"
~ Inimitable R K Laxman in Koravanji (1949) #Kannada
In this 1943 RK Laxman cartoon, Aspirin is substituted for 'change' money (à la Eclairs today) #Kannada
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