R-ate
The first step is to calculate the HR.
Total QRS x 6 = HR.
If HR > 100 bpm = Tachycardia.
If HR < 60 bpm = Bradycardia.
O-bserve the rhythm
The second step is to observe the rhythm.
If R-R interval is equal = Regular rhythm.
If R-R interval varies = Irregular rhythm.
If P wave is upright in lead II = Sinus rhythm.
I-ntervals
The third step is to analyze the intervals.
Check the PR, QRS and QT intervals.
Are they long o short ?
G-o for the signs of Myocardial Infarction (MI). The fourth step is to look for MI.
Are there ST elevation ?
Are there ST depression in V1-V3 ?
Are there abnormal Q waves ?
Here an example:
Rate: 15 QRS x 6 = 90 bpm.
Regular rhythm (R-R interval is equal).
Sinus rhythm (upright P wave in lead II)
The intvervals PR, QRS and QT are normal.
No signs of Myocardial Infarction.
So, this is a normal EKG.
Each person has their way of reading an EKG, but if you don't have a specific order, the basic method of Dr. Roig, will help you organize yourself every time you go to interpret an EKG.
As soon your knowledge increases, you should add to the method (second step) the following:
Observe the Rhythm, P:QRS, Axis, R progression and the Chambers enlargment.
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