1/8 - Il y a deux modalités de traçage des contacts:
a) Traçage prospectif, classique, on recherche les contacts du cas;
b) Traçage rétrospectif,”à la japonaise”,on recherche qui a contaminé le cas.
La priorité des priorités c’est de privilégier b) et ne faire a) que si on peut.
2/8 - Le fondement théorique vient du paramètre k de dispersion, élevé pour la grippe (de dynamique homogène) et faible pour le #SARSCoV2 dont la dynamique est hétérogène, émerge en clusters et en événements super-propagateurs: 10 à 20% des contaminations drive toute la pandémie.
3/8 - Si 80-90% des cas contaminent 0 ou 1 cas, on n’a pas à se fatiguer à tracer leurs contacts. Ils ne nous inquiètent pas. En revanche, il faut tout mettre en œuvre pour stopper la propagation causée par les 10 ou 20% restants, à commencer par les identifier. Comment faire ?
4/8 - Eh bien si je détecte un cas en routine, j’ai très peu de chance d’avoir affaire à un super-propagateur. En revanche, la probabilité est plus élevée pour celui qui a contaminé mon cas. Surtout s’il l’a contaminé dans un lieu clos, bondé, mal ventilé, sans distance physique.
5/8 - Si le suspect est positif, le jackpot n’est pas loin : vous convoquez tout le petit monde qui a côtoyé le cas index suspecté: quarantaines strictes, tests et si positifs, isolements bien sûr. Vous avez cassé le début d’un -peut-être- megacluster.
6/8 - Seulement, il faut aller vite, dans les 24h, avant que tout cela n’essaime. Des tests rapides seraient très suffisants, voire plus intéressants car... rapides, quitte à confirmer ensuite par des rtPCR si complications/besoin de soins.
7/8 - Demander aux autorités sanitaires qu’elles se consacrent prioritairement au traçage rétrospectif c’est soulager leur job. Et, si elles ont encore les capacités pour faire du prospectif,alors ok,c’est quand même des cas évités,mais le rendement est mathématiquement moindre.
8/8 - Le “rendement” mathématique (expression pas heureuse) du traçage prospectif est de l’ordre de la valeur moyenne R0 (2-3), alors que celui du traçage rétrospectif est de l’ordre du R0 des évén. super-propagateurs (10, 20 ou beaucoup plus). Voilà pourquoi c’est la priorité !

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More from @FLAHAULT

12 Oct
1/21. Oct 13 to Oct 19 - #COVID19 Daily Epidemic Forecasting in 209 countries for cases, deaths, tests, R-eff, risk maps (21 of them analyzed below).
Data: @ECDC_EU coronavirus.jhu.edu ourworldindata.org/coronavirus

renkulab.shinyapps.io/COVID-19-Epide…

Powered by @ISG_UNIGE & @SDSCdatascience
2/21. Austria is experiencing a rise in its #COVID19 case incidence, with increasing -although low- levels of mortality.

Note: our 7-day forecasting does not sound accurate for Austria, we are working on our models to improve their predictive accuracy.
3/21. Italy will be experiencing a rapid and worrying surge in its #COVID19 epidemic activity foreseen to reach high level after mid-October, with very low levels of mortality, for 7 more days.
Read 23 tweets
11 Oct
1/5 -
Tentons de mettre sur la table toutes les mesures qui fonctionnent pour éviter un nouveau confinement :
1. Testing/Tracing/Quarantaine-Isolement rétrospectif prioritaire pour prévenir clusters et super-propagation (=approche japonaise)...
2/5-
... Et si capacités restantes le permettent, en +, Test/Trac/Isol prospectif classique (=recherche des contacts des cas);
2. Promotion très active du télétravail à chaque fois que possible;
3. En tous lieux clos:port du masque+distance physique+ventilation+mesures d'hygiène
3/5 -
4. Dans les zones à risque (>4,3 cas #COVID19/100Kpop/jour):
a) Fermeture des cours présentiels aux collèges, lycées et universités, et remplacement par enseignement à distance;
b) Fermeture des bars, restaurants, discothèques; promotion des terrasses.
...
Read 6 tweets
11 Oct
1/21. Oct 12 to Oct 18 - #COVID19 Daily Epidemic Forecasting in 209 countries for cases, deaths, tests, R-eff, risk maps (21 of them analyzed below).
Data: @ECDC_EU coronavirus.jhu.edu ourworldindata.org/coronavirus

renkulab.shinyapps.io/COVID-19-Epide…

Powered by @ISG_UNIGE & @SDSCdatascience
2/21. Austria is experiencing a rise in its #COVID19 case incidence, with increasing -although low- levels of mortality.

Note: our 7-day forecasting does not sound accurate for Austria, we are working on our models to improve their predictive accuracy.
3/21. Italy will be experiencing a rapid and worrying surge in its #COVID19 epidemic activity, with very low levels of mortality, for 7 more days.
Read 23 tweets
11 Oct
1/9 - “[Urugay]’s response [to #COVID19] could offer various lessons to [Latin America] and the world, among them how to test more efficiently using a system first pioneered to tackle syphilis during the second world war.” bmj.com/content/370/bm…
2/9 - “Uruguay’s president, Luis Lacalle Pou acted promptly when Uruguay’s first case was confirmed on 13 March. [He] announced that all public events and potential centres of crowding such as bars, churches, and shopping centres would be shut down. Schools were also closed.”
3/9 - “Lacalle Pou asked rather than ordered people to stay at home to protect the population, the oldest in Latin America.”
Read 9 tweets
11 Oct
1/13 - “To fight a super-spreading disease effectively, policy makers need to figure out why super-spreading happens, and they need to understand how it affects everything, including our contact-tracing methods and our testing regimes.” Via @Pierre_mHealth theatlantic.com/health/archive…
2/13- “We see that super-spreading clusters of #COVID19 almost overwhelmingly occur in poorly ventilated, indoor environments where many people congregate over time-weddings,churches,choirs, gyms,funerals,restaurants, and such-when there is loud talking or singing without masks.”
3/13 - “Prolonged contact, poor ventilation, a highly infectious person, and crowding [are] the key elements for a super-spreader event.”
Read 13 tweets
10 Oct
1/21. Oct 11 to Oct 17 - #COVID19 Daily Epidemic Forecasting in 209 countries for cases, deaths, tests, R-eff, risk maps (21 of them analyzed below).
Data: @ECDC_EU coronavirus.jhu.edu ourworldindata.org/coronavirus

renkulab.shinyapps.io/COVID-19-Epide…

Powered by @ISG_UNIGE & @SDSCdatascience
2/21. Switzerland is experiencing a worrying surge in its #COVID19 case incidence, with increasing -although low- levels of mortality.

Note: Due to discontinuity in reporting its surveillance data to international networks, 7-day predictions are not reliable for the country.
3/21. Italy will be experiencing a rapid surge in its #COVID19 epidemic activity, with very low levels of mortality, for 7 more days.
Read 23 tweets

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