#TodayinHistory in 1898, "Canton de Isla de Negros" (Cantonal Republic of Negros) was est. in Bago, Negros Occ. #PH, by revo generals Juan Araneta & Aniceto Lacson. This shortlived gov would be merged w/ other revo govs in Visayas to form the Estado Federal de Bisayas. (THREAD) 
In 1895, in Tondo, Andres Bonifacio recruited Francisco del Castillo of Cebu & Candido Iban of Capiz, both cane-cutters of Negros, to the Katipunan. The two became valued members of the underground revolutionary org, even leading the revolution in Aklan & Capiz respectively.
In early 1898, even prior to the resumption of #PH Revo upon Emilio Aguinaldo's return from exile, revolutionary movements have been assembled in Panay, & quietly in Negros. Upon the proclamation of independence on 12 June 1898, unity was a challenge.
https://twitter.com/indiohistorian/status/1275394497493385217?s=20
Even upon the convening of the Malolos Congress in Sept 1898, Negros representation were only provisional (appointed)—Jose de la Viña, Antonio Montenegro, & Juan Benson for Occidental, AND Pio del Pilar, Luciano San Miguel, Mariano Oirola for Oriental.
https://twitter.com/indiohistorian/status/1305815742596743175?s=20
Sensing the weakened Spanish authority, & resenting the abuses, the Negrenses rose up in revolt vs. the Spanish governor, Isidro de Castro, beginning 3 November 1898. On 5th November, high Spanish officials in the island surrendered to the revolutionaries at the plaza in Bago.
The provisional gov in the island chose revolutionary general Aniceto Lacson as President, upon w/c Lacson assembled his Congreso de Diputados (Congress of Deputies) & formed his own Cabinet. This was witnessed by Gen. Ananias Diokno, representative of Malolos.
On 28 Nov 1898, Melecio Severino, the secretary of the provisional Negros gov, issued a certificate sent to Iloilo and Malolos of the formation of this gov, intending that the gov be integrated into a larger "Republica Federal" encompassing all Filipinos.
On 2 December 1898, upon the meeting of inter-island revolutionary leaders in Visayas, the Estado Federal de Bisayas (Federal State of the Visayas) was formed—a merger of the Cantonal gov in Negros, the revo gov in Bohol, & the Provisional Gov in Panay (Romblon included).
This new entity was modeled after a hybrid of American federalism & Swiss confederacy. The Estado Federal recognized the authority in Malolos but insisted on its autonomy. It was led by a Council of State in Iloilo, w/ Agustin Montilla & Juan Carballa as Negros reps in council.
The status quo was maintained in late 1898 to early 1899, w/ Apolinario Mabini inviting real representatives from the Estado Federal to be sent to Malolos as part of Congress. This was overtaken by the events leading to the outbreak of the PH-US War.
https://twitter.com/indiohistorian/status/1224507211327643648?s=20
Photos:
- Iteration of the flag used by the Negros revolutionaries in 1898, from the Presidential Museum & Library
- The Map of the Visayas under the First #PH Republic, from PCDSPO 2015
- Filipino regiment in Iloilo City, 1898, from Arnaldo Dumindin
- Iteration of the flag used by the Negros revolutionaries in 1898, from the Presidential Museum & Library
- The Map of the Visayas under the First #PH Republic, from PCDSPO 2015
- Filipino regiment in Iloilo City, 1898, from Arnaldo Dumindin
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