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#DeclarationOfIndependence Draft 1: The King has "waged cruel War against human Nature itself, violating its most sacred Rights of Life & Liberty in the Persons of a distant People" by kidnapping & enslaving them.

Spoiler: #Slavery got cut in round 2. /thread #HappyFourthOfJuly
I'm not making this up. Here's more on the passage about #slavery that #ThomasJefferson put in the 1st draft of the #Declaration & took out of later drafts. #BlackLivesMatter blackpast.org/african-americ…
More on why #ThomasJefferson removed his fiery indictment of #slavery from later drafts of the Declaration. Fact that he was enslaving people as he wrote it was NOT the reason! #1619 #1776 history.com/news/declarati…
In all times & places, #slavery has been contested. We know this because people in power have always made it impossible for people like them to be enslaved. 1st Draft of #Declaration (1776) describes it as a cruel War, execrable Commerce, an Assemblage of Horrors, & a crime.
#AndrewJackson enslaved 300 & killed 15,000 Americans during a campaign of ethnic cleansing. He has no place in front of the WH.

#Jefferson should remain if only because no single life so dramatically reveals the harm & the complexity of our "peculiar institution," #slavery.
Annette Gordon-Reed's work on Jefferson's 40-yr relationship w/ a woman he enslaved, Sally Hemings, & their children won the Pulitzer & Nat'l Book Award. It's complex & fascinating.

Hemings ought to be acknowledged as a 1st Lady. Here's why: latimes.com/opinion/op-ed/…
More about Jefferson, Hemings, & their children from @TJMonticello. And #HappyFourth. We're a complicated country. But when we make #BlackLivesMatter & #IndigenousLivesMatter as much as white lives do, we'll be a more perfect union. monticello.org/sallyhemings/
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Jill Piggott
@JillPiggott
A Google Scholar search for papers about Pain Catastrophizing + #opioids had 2,530 hits since 2018. That's 76.6 times the number of papers in 00-02.

What's "pain catastrophizing"? / thread Image
The Pain Catastrophizing scale assesses whether people in #chronicpain engage in rumination on &/or magnification of their pain &/or how many feel hopeless.

They claim that "catastrophizing has been associated w/ #opioid craving, long-term opioid use," & misuse. Image
"Pain catastrophizing has been identified as a risk factor for prescription #opioid misuse in patients with chronic pain generally." Sharifzadeh, Kao, Sturgeon, Rico, Mackey, Darnall (2017). #cpp anesthesiology.pubs.asahq.org/article.aspx?a…
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Jill Piggott
@JillPiggott
@NitaGhei I've had it with this demeaning, patronizing psychologizing of pain. Neurologists looked at the same brain imaging as the psychologists & didn't get out their hammers to construct a COLONY. Image
@NitaGhei Millions of "people" were getting good "medical care" before Pain Country was colonized. Then we became "patients" who need "help," not "medical care."

Without "medical care," we became "needy," which confirmed what the colonists thought of us from the start.
@NitaGhei I've been reading the minutes of the Board of Pain Colony Supervisors for several weeks. During closed meetings, they say things about the natives like this: "The extant literature demonstrates that psycho-pathology is both an antecedent and a consequence of persistent pain."
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Jill Piggott
@JillPiggott
.@BethDarnall designed the questionnaire widely used to diagnose Pain Catastrophizing (PC). She pinned a survey to her twitter pg, asking people in #ChronicPain what they think of the term. Research on PC & rx #opioids is +75 times higher now than in '00-02.

What's PC? / thread Image
The Pain Catastrophizing Scale measures "rumination (eg, 'I can't stop thinking about how much it hurts'), magnification (eg, 'I worry that something serious may happen'), and helplessness (eg, There is nothing I can do to reduce the intensity of the pain')." [Darnall note 1]
"Psycho-pathology is both an antecedent & a consequence of persistent pain." [note 2]

Pain catastrophizing is "a mental set related to pain that is characterized by feelings of helplessness and persistent and unrealistic beliefs about pain and its consequences." [note 3]
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