#US Core #PCE#Inflation:
▪️ Annualizing 4.8% in 2021 vs Fed SEP projection 3.0%
▪️ Last Jul 3.6%. Even if annualizes only 2.5% for rest 2021, full year YoY would still be 3.9%
▪️ Sept FOMC will have to revise higher from 3.0% towards 4.0%
▪️ Can 2022 proj be left at 2.1%?
Core PCE MoM past its peak?
- 5y avrg 0.17%
- Post Covid avrg 0.30%
- Post Vaccine avrg 0.39% (since Nov'20)
- Post Covid peak 0.63% (Apr'21)
- Last July print 0.34%
Transitory assumption: will ease towards 0.17-20% MoM into H1'22 (equivalent to 2.0-2.4% YoY)
Trimmed Mean Inflation?
▪️ Powell at JH "..to capture whether price increases for particular items are spilling over into broad-based inflation. These include trimmed mean.."
▪️ Excluded: 50 components from lower tail of distribution of monthly price changes & 71 from upper tail
▪️ Out of total 178 components, 121 components with weight of 54% excluded from Trimmed Mean
- Most price spike (July MoM): Hotels & Air transportation
- Most MoM price collapse: Motor vehicle rental & leasing
#FOMC: Dive into DOTS
▪️ Besides any tapering ann'ncem't, DOTS or median rate hike projections important at 22 Sep FOMC
▪️ Current DOTS: 2022 (no hike), 2023 (2 hikes), L/T (~10 hikes)
▪️ FOMC to introduce DOTS for 2024 for first time - few calling for 3 rate hikes in 2024
1/9
▪️ Recall: Fed's surprise projection of 2 rate hikes for 2023 was primarily responsible for Jun FOMC's hawkish pivot => DXY spiked ~2% over 2 trading sessions post June FOMC
So worth paying close attention to Sept DOTS to gauge risk-reward better
▪️ TP negative again after being positive for most of 2021
▪️ Excess yield investors require/receive to commit to holding L/T bond instead of series of S/T bonds has turned negative
▪️ Investors now willing to pay extra to hold L/T bonds
1/10
With 10y UST yield at 1.18% & TP at -0.10% => 1y yield is expected to avg ~1.28% over next 10 yrs
Term Premium?
▪️ Compensation investors demand for risk that S/T yields do not evolve as expected
▪️ 10y Nominal = expected path of S/T yield over next 10 yrs + Term Premium TP
2/10
▪️ Negative TP => investors willing to accept lower yield on L/T bond to avoid risks of rolling over their investments in series of S/T bonds with uncertain fluctuating interest rates
Thus higher Rates Volatility usually implies higher TP
1⃣ Tapering: Divergent views
- Bullard wants taper to start in fall/Sep21, end by Q1’22, Delta temporary
- Brainard, possible Fed Chair, wants to see Sept jobs data (out on 8 Oct) to judge progress
- Overall Dec’21 announcement remains base case
1/10
2⃣ Virus
▪️ US cases further up; Delta now >80% of cases but more localized where vaccination remains low
▪️ "experts don't expect Delta to cause nationwide surge like winter wave"
▪️ To watch school re-opening
▪️ Herd immunity threshold probably pushed up, vaccination key
2/10
▪️ Drop in UK cases encouraging
▪️ China virus situation worst since Wuhan last yr; while absolute number still small, worth monitoring
▪️ Israel with 57% vaccination seeing rising "hospitalized cases but more serious condition significantly delayed"
Article rightly highlights QE just as asset swap & that Money is created by Bank lending, not Fed, it also revives interesting debate arguing Dollar not Fiat but Credit money
'Fiat' Money:
1⃣ Into existence because of authoritative decree/sanction/order; no Intrinsic value
2⃣ Not convertible to or backed by other asset or commodity (Nixon Gold Std 1971; Britain 1931)
1⃣ Decree:
Dollars/Money = IOU 'I owe you' from Central Bank CB to Economy =
2/7
=Liability of CB=>‘Credit’ Money
But Dollar/Money = special IOU that everyone in Economy trusts. So yes, we take credit risk on US Govt when we trust Dollar=>‘Credit’ Money
But while there may not be an authoritative decree behind Dollar (so not ‘Fiat’ from that angle)...
#FX CFTC Positioning: Large short-USD position reduction post FOMC
▪️ Largest USD buying since mid-2018 v/s EUR
▪️ ~$5.85 bn USD bought vs G10 FX => mostly long EUR & GBP reduction & short JPY addition
▪️ Long EUR positioning ~half of Aug'20 peak but still double its 4yr avg 1/4
▪️ Post FOMC's perceived hawkishness, short USD position reduction expected
▪️ Mkt still holding onto Long CAD, Short JPY, Long GBP
▪️ Interesting jump in Long CHF position => possibly reduced Long EUR/Short CHF, increased Long CHF/Short JPY
▪️ Addition to short MXN positions (as of 22 Jun) but that was before Banxico surprise rate hike on 24 Jun
▪️ Interestingly, while USDMXN had large retracement from post-pandemic highs (25.00 to 20.00), haven't seen any large Long MXN position buildup yet