New @polybioRF podcast! I interviewed Dr. Resia Pretorius: Department Head/Research Professor at Stellenbosch University in South Africa. Listen on an App like Spotify () or watch on Youtube ()
2/ In the interview Resia talks about how her research team has identified microclots resistant to fibrinolysis + hyperactivated platelets in the blood of #LongCovid patients. We also discuss how we are planning to extend the research to #ME/CFS
3/ When it comes to the LongCovid microclots, Resia describes her earlier research showing that platelets (blood cells that contribute to #clotting) have receptors that recognize a wide range of viral, bacterial, and fungal proteins or products
4/ When platelets sense these proteins/products they can hyperactivate, which contributes to clotting. With that in mind we discuss how the #SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, other pathogen proteins (eg: EBV), or bacterial products created by the gut/oral #microbiome can impact clotting
5/ Resia also discusses two treatment goals for LongCovid microclots/platelet hyperactivation 1) a clinical trial to test early-stage use of #anticoagulants in preveting LongCovid 2) H.E.L.P. apheresis (a form of blood filtration) to remove microclots/pro-inflammatory proteins
6/ Thus far, her team and a group of international collaborators has performed a case study of H.E.L.P. apheresis for #LongCovid, in which they showed that the treatment successfully reduced/removed microclots in such patients (the results will hopefully be published soonish)
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I want to put this study on everyone's radar b/c I think it's a genuinely cool opportunity for people/patients to get high-quality data on their #SARS-C0V-2 #immune status over time👇 (I have no financial ties to the company).
2/ To be more clear about what the study involves, the @serimmune team will assess each subjects’ individual immune response to SARS-CoV-2 from both natural #infection and #vaccination for up to 5 years.
3/ If you register for the study, Serimmune will send you a sample collection kit that allows you to collect your blood at home. Then you simply mail the sample to their lab using the pre-paid envelope provided.
For this new @polybioRF podcast I interviewed Dr. Liisa Selin, professor of pathology at the University of Massachusetts Medical School. Listen on an App like Spotify (open.spotify.com/episode/5rdB0G…) or watch on youtube ()
2/ Liisa talks about her work as a #viral immunologist, and how her team recently got an NIH grant to study the role of viral infection and T-cell exhaustion in #ME/CFS. She discusses existing data on the topic and how the research may also inform the #LongCovid disease process
3/ Liisa and team are fundraising to further extend their research to LongCovid. Donate here to support her efforts: classy.org/fundraiser/321…
In our recent review on #LongCovid/PASC we bring up the possibility that dysbiosis or imbalance of host #microbiome communities (in ecosytems such as the gut, lungs, or oral cavity) might contribute to at least some LongCovid symptoms: frontiersin.org/articles/10.33…
2/ More specifically immune dysregulation driven by #SARS-CoV-2 might allow pathobionts (bacteria capable of both commensal + virulent acitivty) in the gut, mouth, or other body sites to collectively shift towards a state of imbalance + pro-inflammatory gene/metabolite expression
3/ Conversely, b/c composition + activity of the microbiome can influence host susceptibility and ongoing control of #viral pathogens, exisiting microbiome dysbiosis in a range of body sites may serve as a form of predisposition to LongCovid
Sometimes I hear people dismiss the possible role of a persistent #pathogen (such as a herpesvirus) in the development of a chronic #disease b/c the same pathogen can be found in healthy people
2/ I see it differently 👉 While the presence/absence of a persistent pathogen in a patient with chronic symptoms matters, the real question is: what is the pathogen doing? Is its ACTIVITY different in patients vs. healthy people?
3/ More specifically, in the #patient with chronic symptoms is the pathogen expressing different #proteins/metabolites? And are these proteins/metabolites increasingly interfering with human gene expression, metabolism, and the immune response?
I’ve seen some people tweet that #coronaviruses might not be capable of persistence. But over the past decades, coronavirus RNA/protein has been identified in a range of human samples after acute illness, and sometimes connected to chronic disease
2/ For example, this team found coronavirus RNA and/or antigen in both plaque + non-plaque areas of brainstem, cortex, and spinal cord samples obtained from patients with MS: ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P…
3/ This team identified a range of DNA/RNA viruses in tissue samples obtained from healthy humans at autopsy. Coronavirus 229-E was found in brain, thyroid, heart, lung, stomach, adrenal gland, skin and blood samples: bmcbiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.11…
It’s important to acknowledge that vaccinated people can acquire/transmit the Delta variant. While vaccinated individuals should experience less severe acute #COVID-19, they may still be at risk for LongCovid/PASC (which has been shown to develop after asymptomatic/mild COVID-19)
2/ For example, this team reported a range of long-term symptoms in a cohort of previously confirmed or presumed COVID-19 patients whose acute symptoms were largely managed without the need for hospitalization: medrxiv.org/content/10.110…
3/ This preprint documented persistent COVID-19 symptoms in 1,407 subjects with confirmed #SARS-CoV-2 infection. ∼32% of subjects reporting symptoms at 61+ days after infection were asymptomatic at the time of initial SARS-CoV-2 testing: pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33688670/