2/GPH101 (nula-cel) is a #CRISPR#Cas9#GeneEditing autologous #stem#cell-based #therapy in clinical development aimed to treat #SickleCellDisease. GPH101 is designed to directly correct the underlying mutation, thereby decreasing HbS production & restoring HbA expression #ASH22
3 $GRPH gene correction platform involves editing hematopoietic #stem cells found in the #bonemarrow that develop into various types of #blood#cells. Since red blood cells lose their genomic DNA during maturation-tracking #GeneEditing in mature cells via sequencing is impossible
4/The problem of the inability to mesure the efficacy of #GeneEditing in #SCD patients was solved by using immature red blood cells called #reticulocytes which retain their RNA and can be sequenced in order to assess the #gene correction levels after using nula-cel. #ASH22
5/Based on this knowledge, $GRPH sought to develop a single-cell RNA sequencing method that could measure #GeneEditing outcomes in reticulocytes. It first measured the genetic makeup of reticulocytes from healthy donors-AA, people with SCD trait-AS, & with #sicklecelldisease-SS.
6/Results from both experiments demonstrated the single-cell RNA sequencing method’s ability to precisely and reproducibly measure and differentiate the healthy donors - AA, people with SCD trait - AS and #SickleCellDisease patients - SS. #ASH22
1/This great @WSJ’s 📊 shows how after spending tens of billions of dollars for a single BioTech company, big Pharma moguls such as $ABBV, $AZN, $BMY, $AMGN, $PFE & $VRTX have all shifted to acquiring smaller targets of >$5B - for both regulatory & financials reasons. $XBI 🧵👇
2/All 17 deals made by big Pharma during the first 6 months of ‘24 were $5B or less. During the same period last year, big Pharma made 9 deals, including 2 that were $10B or more. 9 of the 17 deals were for privately held companies, compared to 1 during the same period in 2023.
3/Last year’s big acquisitions were led by @pfizer’s $43B purchase of cancer biotech $SGEN ❤️👇. By contrast & to demonstrate how things have changed, the biggest deal so far in 2024 was @VertexPharma $4.9B purchase of Alpine Immune Sciences & its experimental kidney drug. $PFE
The biggest problem of Gene Editing & Gene therapy is delivery - how to deliver a genetic payload to the exact desired location. Here’s a great Infograph which shows which BioTech companies use Viral delivery methods (AAVs, LVs) compared to non-viral platforms (NLPs). $XBI
2/Must of the companies - as you can see in the graph m☝️- use a viral based delivery platform for Gene Therapy / Gene Editing treatments, mostly AAV - Adeno-Associated Virus based delivery. AAV is a naturally occurring virus being transformed into a delivery mechanism by replacing its viral DNA with new DNA, thus making it a precisely coded vector & it is no longer considered a virus, as most of its viral components have been replaced.
3/The main problem with AAV delivery system is that it is limited to the size of the payload which can fit into the virus vassal. It could also cause the patient an inflammatory response due to this external virus activity. This led to a search for a non-viral mechanism. $XBI
1/@nvelop_tx has presented its proprietary delivery system - DLVR-M, which has successfully demonstrated improved delivery of CRISPR, base editing & prime editing platforms to different human cell types. DLVR-M could be the key in overcoming the obstacle of CRISPR delivery. $XBI
2/Every Gene Therapy is combined from 2 components - the genetic payload which is the mechanism for fixing the genetic disease or the cure itself & a delivery vehicle which needs to deliver the “package” to a specific human tissue & location. Just Imagine a pickup truck & a box.
3/As of today the only approved delivery platform for Gene Therapy / Gene Editing is AAV - Adeno-Associated Virus based delivery. AAV is a naturally occurring virus being transformed into a delivery mechanism by replacing its viral DNA with new DNA thus making it a precisely coded vector & it is no longer considered a virus, as most of its viral components have been replaced
1/WOW! hC Bioscience announces its first ever tRNA-based program for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). hC is developing anticodon engineered tRNAs as a potential treatment for DMD patients with shortened & nonfunctional dystrophin due to premature termination codons (PTCs). $XBI
2/Duchenne is a severe progressive disease which rapidly worsening children’s muscle function often using a wheelchair by early adolescence & eventually needing artificial ventilation to breathe. DMD is caused by mutations to dystrophin that affect about 300,000 males worldwide & PTCs account for approximately 26% of cases.
3/A nonsense mutation or premature termination codons (PTCs) is an alteration in the genetic code that prematurely halts the synthesis of an essential protein. The resulting disorder is determined by which protein cannot be expressed in its entirety and is no longer functional, such as dystrophin in Duchenne
1/As promised and after reading $CRBU latest Q1 2024 financial report here is my impression regarding @CaribouBio latest corporate status. As always - I have focused only on the main issues that I found to be the most interesting & relevant. Here’s my summary 🧵👇 $XBI #BioTech
2/IMO the most significant corporate event was $CRBU decision - due to internal portfolio prioritisation - to terminate the development of its CB-020 program - a preclinical allogeneic anti-POR1 CAR-NK cell therapy - a decision which narrowed dramatically the company’s pipeline.
3/Another major event was $CRBU announcement that it had received FDA clearance of its Investigational New Drug - IND application to evaluate CB-010 ability to treat patients with lupus nephritis (LN) & extrarenal lupus (ERL) Thus expending CB-010’s therapeutic potential. $XBI
1/@LineageCell presented promising data at the @FightBlindness Gene Therapy innovation summit - as part of #ARVO2024, from its clinical study of RG6501 (OpRegen) - a retinal pigment epithelial Cell therapy aimed to treat age-related macular degeneration dry AMD. $LCTX $RHHBY $XBI
2/@LineageCell has developed a unique technology that enables it to transplant specific cell types from a single pluripotent cell line thus creating “off the shelf” cell transplants platform for multiple conditions. $LCTX most advanced program is its OpRegen ocular platform. $XBI
3/Dry AMD leads to the loss of retina cells thus creating an area of geographic atrophy-GA, which leads to impaired vision & blindness. By using a subretinal injection of RPE cells into the eye OpRegen will be able to preserve or improve a patient’s vision