They solve specific consumer problems
Old problems:
How can I trust this won’t kill me?
How do I know it works?
Who do I blame if it doesn’t?
Modern problems:
There’s too much stuff and it all works - how do I choose?
Future?
That means consumers are typing in “men’s underwear” or “running shoes” rather than asking, specifically, for Hanes or Nike.”
But brands tho
Maslow’s hierarchy
Brands evolved from
Safety
To providing other utility
To consumers.
Beyond choice of course
There are identity and status signifiers
Both internal and external
But
The non-rational behavior
Of paying price premiums
Always has a value.