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Yup. My "SPECTRE" analogy for the Sony attack holds up well. Compare it to how the "Internet Research Agency" was involved in influencing US elections. It was not an agency of the government, but of an oligarch with ties to the government.
In the U.S., all government hacking is top down through official channels. In Russia, Iran, North Korea, government is involved in sponsoring largely independent hacking groups.
There are many "asymmetric and unrestricted warfare" manuals that describe the process. It's just hard for us to understand since we describe threats only through our symmetric model, that if North Korea was involved in the Sony hack, it must've been top-down the way we'd do it.
