A: Good news, #doublemasking or tightening up ear loops works!
2/ Remember the key features of effective masking: #FILTERING & #FIT.
The @CDCgov released a new experimental study testing ways to improve mask fit for cloth & medical masks to reduce leakage around the edges. cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/7…
3/ Using mannequin “headforms” & simulated #coughing they tested:
1️⃣ #Cloth#mask over a medical mask (double masking)
2️⃣ #Medical#mask with knotted ear loops & tucked in sides
4/ The experiment was able to test both source control (how well the masks blocked outward coughing) & exposure for the “receiver” breathing in #aerosols.
5/ Percent reductions in aerosol exposures for the “receiver” compared to no masks were ⚡IMPRESSIVE⚡:
😷 UNKNOTTED MEDICAL MASK (source/receiver):
no mask/mask = 7.5%,
mask/no mask = 41.3%
mask/mask = 84.3%
6/ 😷 KNOTTED/TUCKED MEDICAL MASK (source/receiver):
no mask/mask = 64.5%
mask/no mask = 62.9%
mask/mask = 95.9%
7/ 💥These experiments provide evidence that FIT can greatly improve the effectiveness of any mask you are wearing.
8/ 🤔 Caveats: While the experiment was designed to mimic conditions for transmission, it did not use real people/virus. These #s should be interpreted as a good indication that masks are able to block particles the size of SARS-CoV-2, but not precise measures of transmission.
9/
➡️ As we continue our marathon race of vaccinating towards population immunity, good fitting masks are great to help deny the virus new hosts.
➡️ The more we can create “dead ends” for the virus, the faster we can end this pandemic!
1/ Kevin from Texas asks: I just received the first Pfizer vaccination dose today & am scheduled to donate double red blood cells in one week. Should I reschedule? Will donating blood impact the success of the #vaccination?
2/ According to the @RedCross, if you received the Pfizer, Moderna, J&J, Novavax, or AstraZeneca vaccine & you're feeling well, you can donate blood--with no wait period. There is also no reason to expect that donating blood will impact your body’s response to the vaccine.
3/ It is safe for the donation recipient because getting these vaccines cannot cause #COVID19 infection-in fact, there is no SARS-CoV-2 virus in these vaccines at all!
Fun fact: this is the same reason that getting #vaccinated cannot cause a positive COVID-19 #infection test.
1/ Q: Does someone who has been #vaccinated still need to wear a mask & take other precautions?
A: Yes. We don’t yet know whether the vaccines prevent someone from being infectious. nytimes.com/.../health/cov…
2/ The existing #Covid_19#vaccine trials focused on a specific endpoint – symptomatic COVID-19 disease. We know that both the @pfizer & @moderna_tx vaccines were close to 95% efficacious in preventing disease (YAY!!).
3/ But wouldn’t we expect the vaccine to also stop #transmission? Most experts think it’s highly likely that the vaccine will at least *reduce* infectiousness in vaccinated people who happen to encounter the infection, but we don’t know for sure or by how much.
1/ Is there any research/guidance regarding the #vaccines for those of us who already had it?
A: Those who have had #COVID19 are recommended to receive the vaccine.
2/ Data from the #Pfizer & #Moderna vaccine trials demonstrated safety in participants that have had #Covid_19 previously. Scientists are hopeful that the vaccine will offer a higher level of protection than immunity to natural infection.
3/ Although the Pfizer & Moderna #vaccine excluded participants with a known history of #COVID19, a number of participants on both trials were found to have baseline antibodies against SARS-CoV2- indicating a prior infection.
1/ Q: If I traveled over the holiday weekend, should I be taking any steps to protect others around me?
A: If you traveled/spent time in close contact with others outside your 🏠 over the holiday, it is safest to assume you were exposed.
2/ It is best to minimize contact with others for at least the next 7 days with a negative test and ideally for 2 weeks. cdc.gov/coronavirus/20….
3/ While no specific guidelines for what do to after Thanksgiving travel have been issued by @CDCgov, they do currently recommend that individuals who engaged in “high-risk” travel get tested 3-5 days after returning home AND stay home for 7 days, even if they test negative.
1/ Q: How is it possible that my friends are social distancing & yet have colds??
A: The interventions we use to reduce #COVID19 transmission--such as wearing masks, improving ventilation, & keeping physical distance from other people--don’t target the common #cold as well.
2/ Unlike the virus that causes #COVIDー19, which is transmitted through sharing air with infected people, most of the many viruses that cause the common cold--called rhinoviruses--love to hang around on surfaces.
3/ Especially in settings where a lot of children congregate, surfaces can become highly contaminated & dirty hands spread the common cold very effectively. All it takes is one dirty hand on one sandwich.
1/ Q: How is #COVID19 affecting international slum communities?
A: TL, DR. COVID-19 has disproportionately affected the lives & health of residents of slum communities, or informal settlements characterized by poverty, lack of basic services, crowding, unstable homes.
2/ Unfortunately, we don't have great data on what's happening in most of the informal settlements around the 🌎. One study found that nearly 57% of 7000 Mumbai slum residents tested + for antibodies in July, compared to only 17% in its non-slum regions. cnn.it/3qkEdEL
3/ This highlights the vast disparities in who is likely to contract #COVID in Mumbai. While some have interpreted high seroprevalence to indicate that these communities are approaching herd immunity, others have cautioned that this result may reflect a high # of false positives.