1. A #thread on Military organisation of Maurya Empire
Maurya Empire was the largest empire ever established on Indian subcontinent. It was the most powerful empire of its time, founded by Chandragupta Maurya & his mentor Chanakya.
Mauryan army was not just large in size, but its military strategies were pretty brilliant in its time, which helped Chandragupta Maurya conquer such vast expanse of territories.
3. Chandragupta Maurya’s army:-
6,00,000 Infantry
30,000 Cavalry
~8,000 War Chariots
9,000 War Elephants
The total number of soldiers of Chandragupta Maurya’s army counts somewhere near 6,90,000!
4. Chandragupta Maurya’s army was formed on basis on Mahābhārata as mentioned in Arthaśāstra of Chāṇakya.
The description of an ideal Hindu army is mentioned in Arthaśāstra, army must have “Chaturaṃgabal”, meaning 'Four-fold Force'
(Pic 1 - Megasthenes' a/c of Maurya army)
5. Chaturaṃgabal included - infantry, cavalry, war chariots & war elephants. Every wing of army had its specific task duty in battle field, & their role was assigned as per battle strategy.
6. Most of the times, each wing of military was assigned task as per terrain of the battleground.
In rocky terrain, most of the time, elephant force was used in higher number to overpower enemy battle formations.
7. Elephant force had very unique & important role in the Mauryan Army.
Role of elephant force was to destroy and break into front-line of enemy armies, so that infantry and cavalry can follow up to destroy enemy military formations.
8. Recruitment process in Mauryan army was pretty unique. Chāṇakya allowed all 4 varnas (Brahmin, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya & Śudra) to join military service.
9. Individuals from all over Mauryan territories were allowed to join military without any discrimination on racial basis. Soldiers from Kṣatriya warrior clans, as well as, those from tribal areas were allowed to serve in Mauryan military.
10. Chandragupta Maurya usually encouraged his soldiers in battle fields with inspiring speeches as per instruction of Chāṇakya.
Brahmin priests usually encouraged the army by equating the fruits of Vedic sacrifices to those of the brave army.
11. As a testimony to the Maurya military dominance, Chandragupta Maurya defeated Seleucus I Nicator.
Seleucus married his daughter to Chandragupta Maurya, after which Mauryan & Seleucid empires established diplomatic relations.
12. Driven by Chāṇakya's efficient military doctrine, Chandragupta Maurya & the later Maurya emperors conquered most of the present-day Indian subcontinent, Afghanistan, and parts of Iran.
2. Feb 1 :- Shaikh Nizam Haidarābādi (aka Muqarrab Khan) captured Chhatrapati Saṃbhājī & Kavi Kalash. He captured them at Sangameshwar in Konkan.
Kavi Kalash was the Chaṃdogāmātya ( छंदोगामात्य ), a close adviser of Chhatrapati Saṃbhājī
The 40-day-ordeal started.
3. Feb 15 :- Aurangzeb’s army marched from his camp at Akluj, to Bahādurgad (now renamed Dharmaveergad – Fort of Dharmaveer Chhatrapati Saṃbhājī Maharaj).
Akluj -> Dharmaveergad: Green line
Sangameshwar -> Dharmaveergad: Saffron line
2. Aindryābhiṣek, aka Mahābhiṣek, is done for starting a new line of Indra.
Bharata, son of Duṣyanta, himself did Aindryābhiṣek. Its procedure is given in Aitareya Brahmana (part of Rigved)
3. Previous coronations in Deccan were a mix of Vedic & Puranic rites, whereas Shivaji Maharaj intended for a purely Vedic one (Aindryābhiṣek), which hadn't been done for previous several centuries.
1. A #thread on busting some myths around the coronation of Shivaji Maharaj.
Coronation of Shivaji Maharaj was one of the revolutionary event of the 17th century India. Amidst all the Sultanates & Mughal Empire, a Hindu warrior crowns himself as a King! #ShivajiMaharaj#Hindutva
2. However, there are some myths that need to be busted. Historian Jadunath Sarkar has developed some myths about Coronation & Kshatriya Hood of Shivaji Maharaj.
He called Bhosales as Śudras & mere tillers of soil. Jadunath also says that they were "popularly known" as such.
3. This is a ridiculous thing to claim, without any shred of evidence.
This thread will provide the evidence, showing that many people contemporary of Shivaji Maharaj knew, that he *was* a born Kshatriya.
When Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj conceptualized the idea of Hindu self rule (Hindavi Swarajya), he had it in his mind to purify & purge the Mleccha influences upon the linguistic sphere too!
2. Chhatrapati Shivraji Maharaj directed efforts to bring about the development of indigenous language for administrative use. Farsi was replaced with a Sanskritized Marathi through the publication of Rajyavyavharkosh - राज्यव्यवहार कोश.
3. And that sacred work of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj was carried forward by Swantryaveer Savarkar, as is beautifully explained via the above pictorial representation.