For #Auditing and Internal Controls, you need to have some basic understanding of statistics, probability models and applied mathematics.
For #ERM - Enterprise Risk Management Systems Design, Project Implementation and installation, you need to know many subjects such as risk computing(programming in R or #Python or MATLAB/C++/VBA, etc), Cost, Financial and Management Accounting, Internal Auditing,
Internal Controls, and Mathematics, and preferably some Econometrics, to measure up the predictable risk consequences (selecting and computing the severity and understanding the frequency distributions etc.).
Operational & Financial Risks are treated as different concepts in risk management, and similarly, risk and uncertainty are not the same, and hence measurement methods vary across risks and the processes mapped therein, using a selected RM Standard and the laid-down taxonomy!
With all his faux pas and shortcomings. #Nixon was a great statesman and a natural diplomat.
He understood the world better than most of his predecessors.
After him, the USA has not been able to mimic another leader like him in the Oval Office.
I am not being satirical.
#Nixon and his #Domino Theory in Former French Indochina turned out to be quite right.
After the Americans left the region, both #Laos and #Cambodia fell into Communists hands.
South #Vietnam fell as well.
The remarkable resemblance with Modern Day #Afghanistan. #SVA#ANA
Many academic institutions are kinda confused when it comes to launching new degrees such as #FinTechs, Data Sciences, Business #Analytics, Machine Learning, Ai, etc.
There does not seem to be a standardized curriculum for such programs as we see in other academic disciplines.
Just combining courses from Maths, Statistics and Computer Sciences Faculty will not give you a Data Science Degree Program.
That is the mistake that universities're making at the moment.
Highly Amateurish.
The same mistake was made when business schools Physics,& Engineering Departments came together to launch applied Mathematical Degrees such as FE- Financial Engineering, etc. #Quant#Finance was probably the most sought-after degree before the #GFC and later the lies got exposed
Is there really a purpose of having a PhD title, next to your name, if you cannot publish journal articles, write monographs or books,etc?
Why waste 3-7 years at some university?
Applied PhDs for enhancing work-related experiences are better for those who would like to only work?
I was giving advice to one student who had an #MBA.
He got rejected by all the leading universities in the UK, and the USA that offered doctoral research programmes because of his quantitative background.
The reason cited was that professional degrees are not fit for purpose.
Your best choice after doing an #MBA would be a #DBA.
That too, after gaining traction, concerning subject expertise at the workplace for several years.
DO NOT directly enter into a DBA!!
That will be a travesty.
I do eulogize about #Lee#Kuan#Yew from time to time when one needs to seek guidance from a role model.
When asked why didn't #China collapse like the #USSR.
His reply was that the former didn't embrace #glasnost and #perestroika together like the latter did, and paid the price.
Perestroika(Restructuring) began with the Open policy in China under #Deng Xiao Peng.
Gorbachev gets all the wrong credit for its introduction in the East.
Yes, Glasnost (Openness) was a Soviet attempt to embrace human freedoms.
The Soviet Masses were shocked by it.
Chaos ensued.
Good documentaries.
Brings back my childhood memories.
"Americans increased the Defence Budget to the tune of USD 200 Billion per year between 1980 and 1987" #MacNamara.
One must learn Crisis Management from Military leaders and Geostrategic Affairs Experts.
Leadership, management and entrepreneurship can all benefit from wargaming and decision-making did on the battlefield.
An interdisciplinary approach to problem-solving helps a lot!
#MacNamara is right about three things when he sums up a crisis situation 1. Misinformation exacerbates a crisis 2. Emotionalism can ruin strategic decision-making 3. First information received in the event of a crisis is always wrong leading to an error of judgement
Positive Real Interest Rates are required to reduce inflation.
Negative Real IR's do not help rein prices.
This little much cannot be understood by the central bankers in high-inflation economies?
That works if the source of inflation is the money supply growth due to the deficit
However, if the source of #inflation is supply-side shocks, then raising policy interest rates might hurt more.
For e.g. the Exchange rate shock which brings in imported inflation into the economy needs forex supply to counter the import/outflow demand.
IR is the painful lever
yes, a higher CB Rate should technically curb aggregate demand and expenditures in the economy.
It can reduce the domestic money supply as bank borrowing declines and thereby reduces the monetary base.
Which should taper the imports & adjust the Current a/c.
Shock Therapy 101