The submission by Prof. Gregory Brown to the Title IX suit deals a devastating blow to sporting bodies asserting it is fair to include transwomen in female sports.
Well-researched, well-argued, decisive.
His overview follows.
Well-researched, well-argued, decisive.
His overview follows.
"1. At the level of elite competition, men, or adolescent boys, have an advantage over women, or adolescent girls, in almost all athletic contests."
"2. Biological male physiology is the basis for the performance advantage that men, or adolescent boys, have over women, or adolescent girls, in almost all athletic contests."
"3. Administration of androgen inhibitors and cross-sex hormones to men, or adolescent boys, after male puberty […] does not eliminate the performance advantage of men or adolescent boys over women or adolescent girls in almost all athletic contests."
"In short summary, men, and adolescent boys, perform better in almost all sports than women, and adolescent girls, because of their inherent physiological advantages that develop during male puberty."
"These performance advantages are also very substantial, such that large numbers of men and even adolescent boys are able to outperform the very top-performing women."
"Although androgen deprivation may modestly decrease some physiological advantages that men and adolescent boys have over women and adolescent girls, it cannot fully eliminate those physiological advantages once an individual has passed through male puberty."
"For example, androgen deprivation does not reduce bone size, does not alter bone structure, and does not decrease lung volume or heart size. Nor does androgen deprivation in adult men completely reverse the increased muscle mass acquired during male puberty."
"The International Olympic Committee requires that males be on testosterone suppression treatment that successfully reduces testosterone to less than 10 nmol/L in order to compete in women’s events."
"In fact, the effects of hormone administration of testosterone suppression on elite athletes remains largely unquantified from a scientific perspective due to the lack of research in this population."
"It is obvious that some effects of male puberty that confer advantages for athletic performance - in particular bone size and configuration - cannot be reversed once they have occurred."
"In addition, some studies have now determined that other physiological advantages conferred by male puberty are also not fully reversed by later hormonal treatments associated with gender transition."
"Specifically, studies have shown that the effects of puberty in males including increased muscle mass, increased bone mineral density, increased lung size, and increased heart size, are not completely reversed....
....by suppressing testosterone secretion and administering estrogen during gender transition procedures in males."
"While testosterone suppression and estrogen administration reduce the size and density of skeletal muscles, the muscles remain larger than would be expected in a typical female even when matched for body height or mass."
"Thus, while gender transition procedures will impair a male’s athletic potential it is still highly unlikely to be reduced to that of a comparably aged and trained female."
PLEASE NOTE: These are not my words. They are those of Professor Gregory Brown, in his submission to the Title IX suit. Do not credit them to me!
And I don’t think Professor Brown is on Twitter, or (obviously) I would have tagged him in.
Here is a direct link to the submission:
img1.wsimg.com/blobby/go/a695…
img1.wsimg.com/blobby/go/a695…
Just in case it’s not clear to the idiots DM-ing me asking for evidence for the Tweet overview:
Read the report. It is comprehensively referenced.
In fact, if any are not available to the general public, I’ll post them here. Let me know.
Read the report. It is comprehensively referenced.
In fact, if any are not available to the general public, I’ll post them here. Let me know.
Is it time?
