The instinctive model is something like, “you’re panicking -> breathing too fast -> (?) not enough oxygen?? -> bad??”
But the problem is closer to “exhaling too much -> not enough CO2 -> bad”
When you inhale normally, you take in oxygen into your lungs, and it enters your bloodstream
but for this oxygen to go from your blood to your cells, there’s a “trade” process. Oxygen is traded for CO2
It seems like you can also achieve this by holding your breath for a few seconds between inhales and exhales