Lithuania's annual National Threat Assessment says that Chinese intelligence agents are using LinkedIn to aggressively recruit. (page 33). vsd.lt/wp-content/upl… 
"Chinese intelligence uses LinkedIn to establish contacts with selected targets abroad in the early stages of recruitment operations. The most common targets are civil servants, information technology specialists, defence sector employees, scientists, and experts..."
On Russia: "Visa facilitation and the consequent increase of foreigners traveling to Russia are particularly favourable to Russian intelligence services. They systematically search for foreigners able to provide intelligence on foreign countries or perform other tasks"
This report states definitively: "Russian intelligence services receive information about foreigners coming to Russia at the moment they submit their visa applications"
"Russian intelligence services increasingly tend to recruit anyone they can and decide later how to use them as agents. For instance, they can be tasked to collect visual information, disseminate propaganda, act as intermediaries or provide operational support"
