1/ Legality aside, I would assess how likely I am to encounter a complication never seen by the AI surgeon, which a human surgeon can handle through her knowledge of anatomy. It actually happened to me, when a famous surgeon quoted us 90% success record but, when asked
2/ how many cases like THAT have you seen? He said: "None. I have never seen a lung as bad a lung as this." We cancelled the surgery, and my wife is still alive. Remarkably, counterfactual logic permits us to bound the probability that a given patient will benefit from a given
3/ treatment, once we have a combination of both experimental and observational data. See tight bounds on PNS (prob. of necessary and sufficient causation) in ucla.in/2Nfphba. Thus, smart ML algorithms will be able to tell a patient how trustworthy they are. #Bookofwhy
