Thread by @PewReligion

Following a surge of immigration, and with Muslim populations on the rise, our survey of 15 Western European countries sought to measure views toward nationalism, immigration and religious minorities in the region with a wide range of questions (thread)
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For example, the survey asked several questions about what is important to national identity. Respondents tend to emphasize civic elements over nativist or religious ones
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While many Western Europeans want to see immigration levels reduced, this group is outnumbered in most countries by those who say immigration should be held steady or increased
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And Western Europeans are more likely to have positive views of immigrants from Eastern Europe than the Middle East or Africa
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The survey also asked a range of questions about views toward Muslims and Jews, with most respondents expressing willingness to accept members of these groups as neighbors and family members
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But respondents across the region are divided on the question of whether Islam is compatible with their country’s values. And most favor at least some restrictions on Muslim women’s dress
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These questions about nationalism, immigration and religious minorities correlate well together, allowing researchers to combine 22 of them together into a scale
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Higher scores on the 10-point scale indicate higher levels of nationalism and negative sentiments toward immigrants and religious minorities. Of the 15 countries surveyed, median scores range from a low of 1.2 (Sweden) to a high of 4.1 (Italy).

Christians, whether they attend church or not, are more likely than religiously unaffiliated Western Europeans to score high on the scale
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Christian identity is associated with higher levels of these nationalist, anti-immigrant and anti-minority sentiments even when controlling for other factors. But it is not the only important factor
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People on the political right also score higher on the scale. Meanwhile, having a college education and personally knowing a Muslim are connected with lower scores on the scale
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See full results for all 22 questions on the scale: pewrsr.ch/2xl85cB (end thread)