Laurie Garrett Profile picture
Dec 1 13 tweets 10 min read
It's World AIDS Day: time to take stock. Because there is no #HIV #vaccine and women can't compel men to use condoms, people continue to get newly infected. And because the majority of them live in poor parts of the world, the undeclared #pandemic is very expensive.
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2/AIDS
Inside the USA federal spending on HIV/AIDS $7.6 billion/year.
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3/AIDS
Of that, about $780 million goes to the @CDCgov for prevention programs -- and much of that is passed onto the States.
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4/AIDS
The USA spends a nearly equal amount fighting HIV/AIDS overseas, thru @PEPFAR -- funding for which grew from $2.2B in FY 2004 to $7B in FY 2022; includes bilateral HIV efforts + $1.6 billion for multilateral, mainly the @GlobalFund .
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5/AIDS
Hard to guess how much private $ is spent on HIV/AIDS in USA. A 2017 study reckoned >370,000 HIV+ people were in the country; about 7,000 of them died/year. Costs beyond Fedl funds were >$30K/yr/persn: total US burden $10.7B above official nos.
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ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P…
6/HIV
Total global spending for HIV/AIDS hit $21.5 billion/year by the end of 2020. @UNAIDS reckoned that needed to top $29 B/yr by 2025. As of today private + govt pledges to @GlobalFund have only reached $15.7billion, spread over the coming 5 years.
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indicatorregistry.unaids.org/export-to-pdf/… Image
7/HIV
The #Biden administration has asked #Congress to increase funding for #HIV/AIDS, #TB, #malaria and #COVID19 -- at home and abroad. But #Republicans have blocked COVID support, and seem disinclined to up foreign aid for global health, as well.
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whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/…
8/HIV
At least 20 million people worldwide now live, infected with HIV.
In wealthy countries death rates peaked in 1995, at around 16 deaths/100K population/yr -- now below 1.4/100K/yr. We haven't brought deaths down to that level in SS Africa.
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9/HIV
@UNAIDS says the issue is subjugation of women:
“In areas of high #HIV burden, women subjected to intimate partner violence face up to a 50% higher chance of acquiring HIV. Across 33 countries from 2015-2021 only 41% of married women aged 15-24 could make their own..."
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10/HIV
"...decisions on sexual health. The only effective route map to ending AIDS, achieving the sustainable development goals and ensuring health, rights and shared prosperity, is a feminist route map."
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unaids.org/en/resources/p… Image
11/HIV
And, says @UNAIDS, too many children aren't getting treated for #HIV :
"In 2021, children accounted for only 4% of all people living with HIV but 15% of all AIDS-related deaths. Closing the treatment gap for children will save lives."
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12/HIV
In 2021, @UNAIDS says, 650,000 people died of AIDS & 1.5 million newly acquired #HIV.
“What world leaders need to do is crystal clear. In one word: Equalize. Equalize access to rights, equalize access to services, equalize access to the best science and medicine."
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13/HIV
On this World AIDS Day we need to consider what these #HIV numbers tell us about the future of the #COVID19 #pandemic and the lessons of costs and global inequalities. What will the global sickness, death and financing burdens of COVID be in 2025? 2030? 2040? Image

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More from @Laurie_Garrett

Nov 19
Since returning from California I've given comments like yours, @JezebelKat a lot of hard thinking: of course, YOU ARE CORRECT. A Zoom talk is still crossing a picket line. I was not paid for the Berkeley or SF talks & the SF one was sponsored by the Global Health Alliance.
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2/ There are many reasons folks all over the world -- not just Californians -- should pay close attention to the UC @UAW strike. It's the largest higher education labor action in history, affecting tens of 1000s of striking grad students, postdocs and teaching assistants.
MORE
3/ Here in NYC the strike is barely noted in news media, and is poorly understood. But in Calif support for the strike is growing. And it's easy to see why. MORE
latimes.com/california/sto…
Read 14 tweets
Nov 4
They named them the Borg. And they affect #ClimateChange.
They are ancient, and unlike anything ever seen before.
#JenniferDoudna & colleagues discovered the Borgs -- segments of archaea DNA that enter bacteria capable of oxidizing methane.
MORE
nature.com/articles/s4158…
2/ In seas, peat, permafrost, bogs there're bacteria capable of making methane (CH4) -- which is up to 80Xs worse #greenhousegasemissions than CO2. There are also bacteria that oxidize CH4, turning it into not-as-bad CO + O2. MORE
mdpi.com/2571-8789/3/1/…
&
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P…
3/ Global warming's speeding thawing of permafrost and bogs, peat etc. resulting in huge increases in CH4 release. Methanoperedens bacteria oxidize methane -- which is good.
The researchers discovered 19 "Borg" types that "assimilate" the bacteria, giving them CH4-eating genes. Image
Read 4 tweets
Sep 24
Two #smallpox #vaccines may be used for #monkeypox: efficacy unknown. In the U.S. now the Norwegian JYNNEOS 2-dose vax is used for #MPX but it's assumed prior ACAM2000 Sanofi smallpox vax protects.
Here, the case of an ACAM2000-vaxed man who got MPX.
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wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/28…
2/
"We report a patient in Washington who contracted #monkeypox despite being successfully immunized against #smallpox with the ACAM2000 #vaccine 8 years earlier.
The patient was a previously healthy 34-year-old man who had sex with men...came to a clinic because of..."
3/ "...a 4-day history of malaise, fatigue & headache & 4 painless penile lesions.
"...this case highlights that #vaccination alone does not guarantee immunity from #monkeypox. Public health leaders should taper expectations that vaccination alone will end the outbreak."
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Read 4 tweets
Sep 23
THREAD - Startling example of feedback loops in Nature that are disrupted by #GlobalWarming:
- normally large colonies of algae can't grow in the #Arctic seas because they are bereft of nitrogen
- but enormous algal blooms have increasingly appeared appeared in this century

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2/
- turns out #climate induced wildfires in No America & #Siberia produce large amounts of nitrogen in the atmosphere
- that nitrogen falls on #Arctic seas, fueling algal growth
- and huge algal blooms block oxygen entry to the seas
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news.ncsu.edu/2022/09/wildfi…
3/
- fish & other marine life forms suffocate, as the massive algal blooms block oxygen infusion into oceans
- the blooms also block sea ice formation, so
- the white ice albedo effect, reflecting hot sunlight away from the North Pole decreases
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climate.gov/news-features/…
Read 4 tweets
Sep 22
Foreign Minister Bilawal Bhutto Zardari of #Pakistan is speaking @CFR_org . Both his mother and grandfather were Prime Ministers who were assassinated. His nation "faces a catastrophe of Biblical, apocalyptic proportions. The monsoon rains came in June, and..."
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2/"...went on...until the end of August.
"A 100 km lake formed in the middle of my country.
"More than a month on we're still in an ecological disaster. One in 7 people affected -- 33 million people. Homeless, lost and staring death in the face."
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3/ "We're still in the rescue and relief phase..but we expect one crisis to follow another."
Epidemics are starting.
"Four million acres of standing crop are devastated...We are staring into the face of epidemic catastrophe and food crisis."
But aid is not coming.
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Read 8 tweets
Sep 15
Stark contrast between two major reports on the #COVID19 #pandemic this week. One from @Politico focuses on the Big Four NGOS that functioned outside of govts, raised $billions, & had pivotal influence over global policies. The other from @Commissioncovid @TheLancet looks...MORE
2/ more at the UN syst, #G20, @WHO & intl cooperation/governance (or lack thereof). In broad strokes both mega-reports blame the lack of global fairness, coordination & governance for #pandemic failures. But in very different ways.
@Politico says...
politico.com/news/2022/09/1…
3/...that @gatesfoundation & @gavi & #COVAX & @CEPIvaccines & @wellcometrust -- the global Big Four NGOs -- largely failed to deliver on their #COVID19 promises for tests, vaccines, drugs for the World. Rpt blames patents protections & lack of policy-making transparency.
MORE
Read 5 tweets

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