Thread by @vmargar

#FOAMrad #radres #neurorad
Cerebral Edema
Is an excess accumulation of water in the intracellular and/or extracellular spaces of the brain
Is a common response to various forms of brain injury, and the causes can be categorized as cytotoxic, vasogenic, interstitial, or combined

Cytotoxic edema
• Is cell swelling caused by damaged molecular sodium–potassium ATPase ion pumps. It can affect both gray and white matter.
• Is caused by cell death, most commonly due to infarct or excitotoxic (secondary to excessive neurotransmitter stimulation) brain injury.

Vasogenic edema
• Is interstitial edema caused by increased capillary permeability, by breakdown of the tight endothelial junctions comprising the BBB, secondary to either physical disruption or release of vasoactive compounds
• It is seen primarily in the white matter

Interstitial edema
• Is caused by imbalances in CSF flow, most commonly due to obstructive hydrocephalus.
• Presents on imaging as periventricular fluid, often called “transependymal flow of CSF,” most commonly the periventricular white matter.

AJR 2012; 199:W258–W273
0361–803X/12/1993–W258

Core Radiology
Neuroimaging pag 203
ISBN 978-1-107-67968-9 Paperback

neuroradiologycases.com/2011/10/cytoto…

researchgate.net/figure/Schemat…

elbaulradiologico.com/2016/03/edema-…