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Iowa, Indiana, and Oregon have no business ever being first. They are the only states to exclude Black people. Iowa banned Blacks as a territory in 1838
1850, Iowa Third Assembly, Chapter 72
Article XIII of Indiana State Consitution 1851
Here is further information on Indiana, including the requirement that Black people living in Indiana register
in.gov/history/2548.h…
Oregon has a more easily accessed history of its exclusion laws because we had a vote in 2002 to excise the exclusion from our Constitution, not just repeal it.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oregon_bl…
To my complete disgust 28% voted to keep the language.

You can read the arguments on Ballot Measure 14 in 2002 here. There is a PDF to download.
digital.osl.state.or.us/islandora/obje…
Actually, there is only one argument - in favor
The opposed arguments I remember must be from letters to the editor.
Oops, broke the thread, here is the rest

And my mistake, Illinois also banned Black people, though again it was repealed in 1864. The Great Migration took care of that.

cyberdriveillinois.com/departments/ar…
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