In this one, a higher dietary share of ultra-processed foods was associated with lower concentrations of serum alpha-tocopherol and inadequate breast milk vitamin E content in lactating women living in Brazil.
"The most frequently consumed ultra-processed foods were breads and biscuits, followed by fats and processed meats...
"...In contrast to other studies, margarine was one of the most frequently consumed ultra-processed foods"
All else being equal, it must be noted that
"Vitamin E intake was under the recommended intake during lactation in all respondents, aligned with the findings of other studies"
Dietary share of ultra-processed foods and its association with vitamin E biomarkers in Brazilian lactating women (open access)
This one followed a comparative approach to analyse plasma methionine metabolic profile from 11 mammalian species with a longevity ranging from 3.5 to 120 years.
The authors found a species-specific plasma profile for methionine metabolism associated with longevity.
This was characterised by:
i) reduced methionine, cystathionine and choline;
ii) increased non-polar amino acids;
iii) reduced succinate and malate;
iv) increased carnitine.
"Our review of the physiopathological processes associated with adipocyte hypertrophy revealed that adipocyte hypertrophy is related to impaired adipose tissue differentiation potential and rate of adipogenesis."
"Furthermore, hypertrophy of fat cells also accompanies cell senescence, with increased cell necrosis and reduced telomere length"
".We also found an extensive body of evidence for the strong relationships between adipocyte hypertrophy and adipose tissue inflammation."
A thread about protein-rich diets and body composition regulation.
Studies suggest that body weight loss and maintenance thereafter, on a relatively high-protein diet, appear to be greater under conditions of ad libitum energy intake than under conditions of isoenergetic diets.
Such diets contain a sufficient absolute amount of protein (usually in the neighbourhood of around 20–30% of total energy) and imply a required normal-protein intake in grams, while energy intake is decreased.
"we observed significant associations with insulin secretion. Notably, C-peptide based indices were positively, but insulin-based ones were negatively associated with LDL cholesterol. This was due to an association of LDL cholesterol with insulin clearance."
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol is associated with insulin secretion (open access)
In this one, youth with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes had impaired metabolic flexibility, which was related to a defect in substrate utilization associated with reduced skeletal muscle and adipose tissue insulin sensitivity.
Metabolic flexibility across the spectrum of glycemic regulation in youth (open access)
- "our youth with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes manifested impairment in metabolic flexibility, with lower oxidative and nonoxidative glucose disposal and less suppression of fat oxidation in response to hyperinsulinemia"
Ferritin may be associated with glucose metabolism disorders and metabolic syndrome even in people without hepatic steatosis or hepatic iron overload.
Hepatic steatosis and hepatic iron overload modify the association of iron markers with glucose metabolism disorders and metabolic syndrome (open access)
- "serum ferritin concentrations were associated with higher prevalence of IGM, T2DM and MetS as well as higher levels of fasting glucose, 2-h glucose, 2-h insulin, HOMA-IR and HbA1c in the total population independent of inflammatory markers and hepatic enzymes...