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Nick Krontiris

12 Mar, 8 tweets, 3 min read

In this one, youth with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes had impaired metabolic flexibility, which was related to a defect in substrate utilization associated with reduced skeletal muscle and adipose tissue insulin sensitivity.

Metabolic flexibility across the spectrum of glycemic regulation in youth (open access)

doi.org/10.1172/jci.in…

#obesity #MetabolicSyndrome #InsulinResistance #Diabetes

- "our youth with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes manifested impairment in metabolic flexibility, with lower oxidative and nonoxidative glucose disposal and less suppression of fat oxidation in response to hyperinsulinemia"

- "the defect in metabolic flexibility is associated with the degree of impairment of glucose disposal (i.e., IS), which is more evident in youth with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes"

- "Our findings are consistent with the findings of Galgani et al.... The authors concluded that a defect in glucose transport was responsible for the metabolic inflexibility, rather than a primary defect in glucose oxidation."

Ref:

doi.org/10.2337/db08-0…

- "Another important finding is that fatty acid metabolism plays an important role in metabolic flexibility. The youth with obesity had significantly lower adipose tissue IS and higher fasting FFA compared with the NW group...

"...In our study, the reduced suppression of FFAs under hyperinsulinemic conditions was independently related to lower ΔRER (increased respiratory exchange ratio under insulin-stimulated conditions)...

"...supporting the contribution of impaired suppression of fat oxidation to the metabolic inflexibility in the youth with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes"

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More from @nick_krontiris

Nick Krontiris

@nick_krontiris

13 Mar

A thread about protein-rich diets and body composition regulation.

Studies suggest that body weight loss and maintenance thereafter, on a relatively high-protein diet, appear to be greater under conditions of ad libitum energy intake than under conditions of isoenergetic diets.

doi.org/10.1146/annure…

Such diets contain a sufficient absolute amount of protein (usually in the neighbourhood of around 20–30% of total energy) and imply a required normal-protein intake in grams, while energy intake is decreased.

Read 50 tweets

Nick Krontiris

@nick_krontiris

13 Mar

"we observed significant associations with insulin secretion. Notably, C-peptide based indices were positively, but insulin-based ones were negatively associated with LDL cholesterol. This was due to an association of LDL cholesterol with insulin clearance."

Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol is associated with insulin secretion (open access)

doi.org/10.1210/clinem…

#nutrition #diet #MetabolicSyndrome #cholesterol #BloodSugar

- "We detected a significant, positive association between fasting LDL concentrations and C-peptide based estimates for insulin secretion...

Read 9 tweets

Nick Krontiris

@nick_krontiris

12 Mar

Ferritin may be associated with glucose metabolism disorders and metabolic syndrome even in people without hepatic steatosis or hepatic iron overload.

Hepatic steatosis and hepatic iron overload modify the association of iron markers with glucose metabolism disorders and metabolic syndrome (open access)

doi.org/10.1111/liv.14…

#MetabolicSyndrome #NAFLD #diabetes #InsulinResistance #nutrition #diet

- "serum ferritin concentrations were associated with higher prevalence of IGM, T2DM and MetS as well as higher levels of fasting glucose, 2-h glucose, 2-h insulin, HOMA-IR and HbA1c in the total population independent of inflammatory markers and hepatic enzymes...

Read 6 tweets

Nick Krontiris

@nick_krontiris

12 Mar

In this one, animal-based food sources elicited greater anabolic responses than plant-based food sources, due to the simultaneous stimulation of whole-body protein synthesis and suppression of protein breakdown.

The magnitude of anabolic response was related to the EAA content.

Metabolic Evaluation of the Dietary Guidelines’ Ounce Equivalents of Protein Food Sources in Young Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial (open access)

doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxa…

#nutrition #diet #protein #exercise #muscle #strength #lift #GetStrong #hypertrophy #gainz #gains

- "This finding is consistent with other studies indicating that an equivalent amount of EAA intake, regardless of source, induces similar anabolic responses...

Read 4 tweets

Nick Krontiris

@nick_krontiris

11 Mar

In this one, daily consumed beverages consisted of either pure fructose or sucrose for 7 weeks increased basal hepatic fatty acid synthesis comparably with the LDL particle distribution shifting towards smaller, more atherogenic particles.

Fructose- and sucrose- but not glucose-sweetened beverages promote hepatic de novo lipogenesis: A randomized controlled trial (open access)

doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep…

#nutrition #diet #NAFLD

But wait, there's more!

a) There was a pure glucose group as well. An increased hepatic FA synthesis was not observed in this group.
b) Unexpectedly, fructose and sucrose increased basal hepatic FA synthesis comparably.

Read 5 tweets

Nick Krontiris

@nick_krontiris

19 Oct 20

Are higher-protein diets bad for your bones?

A thread.

1/17

A possibly negative aspect of higher protein intake is related to bone health and the possible increase in dietary acid load from it.

This is called the acid ash hypothesis.

2/17

This holds that increased protein intake (and particularily sulfur-containing amino acids) leads to a higher dietary acid load, which is regulated by the release of alkalizing compounds derived from bone, resulting in bone resorption, osteoporosis and hypercalcuria.

3/17

Read 17 tweets

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