What might #Covid19 look like once the pandemic is over?
With #SARS2 it’s already clear that immunity from infection wanes..it might follow..in which protection from infection erodes over time, but protection from severe disease does not. So it would behave like COMMON COLD 1/
Or it’d be like #FLU, where immunity vs. severe disease also wanes. Influenza is a more sobering analogy. It, too, causes infections throughout life, but reinfections are often more severe than those caused by the four endemic coronaviruses. 2/
So, the outlook is different if immunity against severe #COVID declines as well. In that case paradoxically, it might be best if the virus keeps infecting people frequently... Avoiding infection at all costs might not be the best strategy for vaccinated people. 3/
And, this is exactly what #Denmark is doing. The Danish government dropped all the restrictions this month after achieving a high vaccination rate.
The whole world is watching… what happens next!
A great piece by @kakape👇in conversation w/ @trvrb 4/
1-Vaccination reduces transmission of #Delta, but by less than #Alpha
2-Alpha: Pfizer 62%, AZ 38% reduction
Delta: Pfizer 37%, AZ 15% reduction (aOR)
3-The impact of vaccination decreased over time 1/
4-Vaccinated people with breakthrough infections were less likely to spread Covid.
5-Vaccination not only reduces the risk of becoming seriously ill from the virus, it also protects those around you. 2/
6-Contacts of vaccinated cases were less likely get Covid than contacts of unvaccinated cases.
7-Most transmission occurred in households, showing that vaccination can protect household members—including kids not yet eligible for vaccination. 3/
No doubt, #molnupiravir is touted as a ‘game changer’ as far as therapeutics against #SARS2 are concerned. But the news related to its probable #mutagenic potential comes as a dampener 1/
#rNHC, an active metabolite of #Molnupiravir, inhibits SARS2 replication in cell cultures through lethal mutagenesis, but is also mutagenic to mammalian host cells 2/
#rNHC has powerful in vitro and in vivo activity against a large number of highly pathogenic emerging RNA viruses and represents a potentially important drug for use in the current and future pandemics. 3/
#Covid19 Vaccination: What do we have learned so far?
It is almost 9 months since the first Covid vaccine was injected to a UK national.
Let’s do a quick recap of the major ‘takeaways’ in next 25 tweets......................
1) Covid vaccines are highly effective against severe disease, hospitalization, & deaths in fully vaccinated individuals. Studies after studies from different countries in different continents with different vaccines have confirmed this fact
2) Vaccines have only minimal impact on infection and transmission. They are not able to halt/prevent development of a new surge. The current Covid19 vaccines are effective in preventing symptomatic COVID19 disease but fail to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection nature.com/articles/s4159…
Will the newly identified sub-lineages of #Delta may initiate a new wave of #Covid19 in India? What impact the increasing prevalence of the Delta-D clade would have on global #COVID burden?
#Delta variant and its extended family: How much do we need to worry?
During the first few months of the #pandemic, the evolution of the virus was relatively predictable, with substitutions accumulating at a fixed pace: 1 substitution every second week 2/
In contrast, the 2nd year of the #pandemic is punctuated by the emergence of several #variants that bore evidence of dramatic evolution 3/
The #Delta is winning, for the moment, & the Global #coronavirus map shows that we’re failing to fight it. But the #pandemic will be over one day—but the way there is different now 1/
The virus will almost certainly be a permanent part of our lives, even as #vaccines blunt its ability to cause death and severe disease. Most people will meet the virus eventually; we must ensure that as many people as possible do so with two doses of vaccine in them 2/
The vaccines are working and working well. Vaccinated people are indisputably safer than unvaccinated people. But although vaccinated individuals are well protected, highly vaccinated communities can still be vulnerable, for 3 reasons: 3/
The new #MayoClinic study finds Vaccine Effectiveness (VE) of #Pfizer shot dropped to 42% against #Delta#SARSCoV2 infection (not against hospitalization & deaths). 1/
Earlier unpublished reports from #Israel also indicated the same 2/
Few other recent studies have also placed the #VE of Pfizer mRNA vaccine between 40-60% against #SARSCoV2 infection/symptomatic disease but not against severe disease & deaths. Table by @EricTopol 3/