Some coal mining fatality numbers. With China coal in focus, couldn't help but thinking how 20 years back, there seemed a tragic coal mining accident every month on Chinese news. Yet this year, the biggest tragedy seemed to be the frozen to death Marathon runners in Gansu. /1
Typically US has the best open data, with No. of miners and deaths decreasing significantly. %of death has plumeted too, with 0.01% of miners death in the US, which with <100k miners means <100 people each year. /2 
According to Ministry of Emergency magt. end of last century annual deaths were 9506, but lowered to 316 in 2019. The lower death also partly due to smaller number of miners in China which is about 3473k now.
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This NBER paper showed 2004 program designed to motivate bureaucrats to reduce accidental deaths. Each province received ‘death ceilings’ that, if exceeded, would impede officials' promotions. Not a surprise, most deaths reported under the ceiling. /4
nber.org/system/files/w…
nber.org/system/files/w…
Above paper used data up to 2012. From the forced significant under-scale coal mine closures and much less mining accidents in news, fatality likely has decreased significantly as well. Availability of Social media also made local govt lying of large accidents high career risk /5
There is not much money to be made for providing good private data on Chinese mine fatality rate so likely need to continue replying on government data, with some mindful caveats. /6
@threadreaderapp unroll #China #CoalShortage #Mining #Fatality #Statistics #MineSafety #China #data #NBER #煤矿事故
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