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1/3 This paper identifies causal effects by proxies, a task shown feasible here ucla.in/2N5GNOK and here ucla.in/2N9icIX. Blocking back doors is a sufficient condition for identification, not necessary; it turns out that, under certain circumstances, a proxy
2/3 can replace a blocker Z. Going from ATE to ITE ("individual" treatment effect) is not really hard (theoretically) if by "individual" we mean "c-specific effects" where c is a set of characteristics marking the individual, namely X=x.
The nice thing about the paper you cited,
The nice thing about the paper you cited,
3/3 is that everything is spelled out in a language CI folks can understand, so that mysteries can be de-mystified. The authors should be commended. Effect-restoration was a breathtaking mystery to me in 2010, and it shows in the writing; I called it "far from obvious" #Bookofwhy
