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In simple term, the Randle Cycle suggests that increased fatty acid β-oxidation contributes to insulin resistance.
Even though the existence of the Randle Cycle in the heart has been clearly
demonstrated, some skeptics have challenged whether it actually exists in skeletal muscle.
demonstrated, some skeptics have challenged whether it actually exists in skeletal muscle.
But the methodology of those papers was flawed and subsequent research vindicated Philip Randle.
found accumulation of acid soluble metabolites (ASM), which is a marker of incomplete β-oxidation.
This can only lead to the conclusion the muscles fail to muscles to oxidize fatty acids completely.
High fat feeding and starvation have been shown to increase fatty acid uptake and oxidation through the induction of genes related to β-oxidation.
Based on the above, we can safely say that, while increasing fatty acid oxidation in the muscle during high fat feeding may promote the clearance of fat...
but this is a bad idea, since this induces the expression of said genes and will also contribute to the mismatch between β-oxidation and TCA cycle activity, leading to incomplete fatty acid oxidation.
Or, in other words if you want to improve an insulin-resistant state, you need to DECREASE your β-oxidation (increasing your ATP consumption i.e. cals out>cals in should work fine too ofc)
And that's why I love this paper :)
So many typos, so little time 😂
So now you know why people like @IanCramer @kevinnbass @NigelKinbrum and myself are obsessed over OGTT.
Even though it can't really distingush between first and second phase insulin response, HbA1c is a great tool to diagnose diabetes.
Even though it can't really distingush between first and second phase insulin response, HbA1c is a great tool to diagnose diabetes.
On the other hand, OGTT may not be the most accurate measurement of skeletal muscle insulin resistance, but it is the most accessible.
And if you can't pass an OGTT test, you probably haven't improved your situation too much.
And if you can't pass an OGTT test, you probably haven't improved your situation too much.
