🧵 "#Criticality: A Balance Between #Robustness and #Adaptability"

Today's SFI Seminar by @cgershen @cgg_mx:
Image
Regarding systems at the #EdgeOfChaos
Identifying #PhaseTransition dynamics
Citing @WagnerEvolution on #Robustness
Contrasting it with #Chaos (fragile, hard to predict, etc.)
And then #Criticality, somewhere in the middle... ImageImageImageImage
With #criticality, due to #PowerLaw(-like) distributions:

"Most of the changes will be small, but for some, you can have large changes."

See also #fractals

Key history point: Stuart Kauffman's #random #Boolean #networks (1969!)

Updated by @cgershen in 2004 ImageImageImageImage
1. "If you have additional inputs, this scales exponentially."

2. "But since it's finite, these systems are deterministic. You have point attractors or cycle attractors."

3. "You can identify three different regimes by changing average connectivity..." ImageImageImage
"If #criticality has all of these advantages, how can we evolve it or exploit it, design it?"

"The more #connections you have, the easier it is for #perturbations to spread across the #network."

(See also #epidemics)

Relevance of topology to #attractor formation: ImageImageImageImage
Re: the #evolution of #modularity,

"You can have #networks you would expect to have chaotic dynamics but because of the modular nature the perturbations do not spread so much."

Re: #redundancy,

"This prevents the propagation of #mutations."

#Degeneracy promotes #robustness ImageImageImage
"#Antifragility is a property of #systems to benefit from #noise...they function better if you have noise."

"(Of course, if you have TOO MUCH #perturbation, you have #chaotic dynamics...)" Image
"It was already known that if you have #heterogeneity, this favors #criticality. We explored the temporal structure of heterogeneity...these curves are a measure of #complexity that measures #ShannonInformation." Image
"It's not like I have to choose between modularity and heterogeneity, but they all start adding up. So it seems that criticality is much easier to find than we first thought in our homogeneous models..."

"Sometimes the phase transition will move by itself." Image
"Psychology was doing complex systems BEFORE complex systems [science]."
- @cgershen
"I think the things that #complexity is doing will be absorbed by other fields in a few decades and just become '#science.'"
- @cgershen
(Actual end of thread accidentally appended upstream:
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More from @sfiscience

Nov 29
"Liquid and Solid #Brains: Mapping the #Cognition Space"

Today's SFI Seminar by Ext Prof @ricard_sole, streaming now — follow this 🧵 for highlights:

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"Why #brains? Brains are very costly...it seems like they are not a very good idea to bring complex cognition to a #biosphere that just needs simple replicators."

"I also want to explore the problem of #consciousness, which is around all the time..."

@ricard_sole Image
Two different views of #evolution:

- Stephen Jay Gould and an emphasis on #contingency

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--> "Replay the tape with different results vs. 'the logic of monsters' & 'life's solution'" Image
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Nov 9
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🧵 Today's SFI Seminar by @leahbuechley (@UNM):
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#clay #3dprinting
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Nov 4
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Follow this 🧵 today and tomorrow for highlights from our 2022 #AppliedComplexity Network and Board of Trustees Symposium:

santafe.edu/events/annual-…

#Web3 #Cities #Polarization #EmergentEngineering #Decentralization
We start with a talk by SFI President David Krakauer:

"Would anyone care to guess why we're so GOOD at building transistors and so CRAP at designing drugs?"

"This thing [points to transistor] lives in a centralized system. This thing [points to cancer drug] lives in US."
"I'm going to pick on economics, because we like to do that at SFI. 'Ooh, look at that cover! So techy. Global, heat maps...' But here's 'Networks' [in the textbook]. THAT'S IT. Here's '#ComplexityEconomics.' NOTHING."
Read 111 tweets
Oct 26
"#Emergence, #SelfOrganization, & #Complexity"

🧵 In today's SFI Seminar, Visiting Scholar @cgershen presents the second in his series of talks on core concepts in #ComplexSystems science, streaming now:

"In high school #physics class you are taught that with the initial conditions of a system, you can predict its future states. In #complexity, this is not so...it means #reductionism is not appropriate, #Platonism is not appropriate..."
- @cgershen
"You can see a layer of circuits computing something. What is it computing? Itself. In a 248x248 array, you can program the #GameOfLife inside the game of life. Computers allow us to explore #Complexity, and it's no surprise complexity became a science in the 1980s."
- @cgershen
Read 7 tweets
Oct 25
Cormac McCarthy spent the last quarter century writing his novels at SFI. In this documentary from December 2017, Cormac in conversation with SFI President David Krakauer, reflects on isolation, mathematics, character, and the nature of the unconscious:
In anticipation of Cormac McCarthy’s newest books, “The Passenger” and “Stella Maris” (@AAKnopf, 2022), former SFI Miller Scholar @deepsurvivalsm0 recollects McCarthy’s long and ongoing friendship with SFI:

santafe.edu/news-center/ne… Image
"Until recently the writer could be heard at SFI, clattering away on his portable typewriter from behind his office door. An affable member of this community, he would regularly emerge for afternoon tea or attend talks by SFI scholars."

More at @guardian:
theguardian.com/books/2022/oct…
Read 4 tweets
Oct 22
🚀 We are live! Here is the correct streaming link for all of today's discussions and performances, starting with a panel on complex time with David Krakauer, James Gleick, Ted Chiang, and David Wolpert in a few moments (measured linearly...):

#IPFest
"One of the ideas we had with #InterPlanetary was, 'What would it take to make science hedonistic? And instead of telling people to do it, you'd have to tell people to STOP doing it?"

- SFI President David Krakauer sets the tone for this weekend's celebrations
#IPFest Image
David Krakauer: "Do you have a favorite model or metaphor for #time?"

@JamesGleick: "You've already mentioned a river; that's everybody's favorite. Borges said time is a tiger. People talk about it as a thread. We ONLY talk about time in metaphors." Image
Read 141 tweets

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