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national orientation for kids @kidsofnigeria
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Below is a timeline of Nigerian history, pre 20th century, comprising important changes and political events in Nigeria and its predecessor states.
Nok sculpture from Northern Nigeria
Bronze vessel in form of a snail shell from SouthEastern Nigeria
•8000 B.C. – Creation of oldest currently known artifacts and stone shelters. Igboland is mostly occupied by foragers, including Bantu ancestors.
•3000–500 B.C. – Development of agriculture (probably including yam cultivation) and animal husbandry
•500 B.C.–A.D. 200 – Nok culture flourishes in Northern Nigeria.
•400–100 B.C. – Ironworking develops around Opi, Nsukka
Rise of Igbo, Yoruba, Edo, and Muslim civilizations
•770 A.D. – Early Ijaw settlement.
•800 A.D – Mega-state at Igbo-Ukwu has complex social structure, produces copious artifacts including bronzes. Yoruba civilization already well established, based on thirteen farming villages centered at Ilé-Ifẹ̀.
•900 A.D. – The reign of the Kingdom of Nri began.
•1100 A.D. – The Islamic state of Borno was established.
•1200 A.D. – Ilé-Ifẹ̀ becomes Yoruba metropolis.
•1255 A.D. – Oba Ewedo comes to power in Benin Empire.
•1450 A.D. – Beginning of European contact on the Atlantic coast.[1]
•1500 A.D. – The nominally Muslim Hausa Kingdoms were established in Northern Nigeria.
17th Century:
Political map of West Africa in 1625. Modern Nigeria includes parts of Oyo, Borgu, Nupe, and Benin areas, as well as Igbo states.
1728: Oyo Empire invades Kingdom of Dahomey

Sidenote: The Dora Milaje warriors of Marvel's Black Panther drew inspiration from the legendary Dahomey Amazons.
1767: British slave traders facilitate massacre on the Calabar River
1800: Sokoto Caliphate established through jihad; goes to war against the Yoruba states.
1803: Igbo Landing mass suicide in Georgia, USA.

face2faceafrica.com/article/the-tr…
1807: Slave Trade Act 1807: Britain prohibits subjects from trafficking in slaves.
1833: End of Oyo empire
1851: Treaty Between Great Britain and Lagos, 1 January 1852.

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_Be…
1861: Lagos Treaty of Cession: British annexes Lagos, with status of Crown Colony

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagos_Col…
1879: George Taubman Goldie amalgamated various British ventures to form the United African Company (later known as the Royal Niger Company)
1880: The conquest of Southern Nigeria by the British began
1885: Other European powers acknowledged British sovereignty over Nigeria at the Berlin Conference.

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlin_Co…
1887: King JaJa of Opobo exiled to West Indies by British.

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaja_of_O…
1892: Britain defeats Ijebu Kingdom, thereby moving towards complete dominance in the southwest area surrounding Lagos.

oldnaija.com/2015/11/04/the…
1893: British incorporate Yoruba lands in southwest into new protectorate.
1897:
January 4. A covert foray of the Niger Coast Protectorate Force against Benin City is discovered and destroyed by the Kingdom of Benin.

February 9-18. A Retaliatory Benin Expedition of 1897 leads to capture, sack and looting of Benin City.

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benin_Exp…
1900: All Nigeria now under Crown rule. Protectorate of Northern Nigeria created from Company holdings.

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_…
This thread ends here. Next, we will look at the history of Nigeria in the 20th century.
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