Towards the end of 1937, the Ukamba Members Association (UMA) was formed to fight for land rights of the Akamba.
![](https://pbs.twimg.com/media/Dz9TFt2X4AAVv_o.jpg)
But rather than compensate the locals, the colonial government descended on villages in Ukambani and forcefully drove the livestock away.
Muindi Mbingu was eventually released in 1952, the year when a state of emergency was declared.