They send out 20-50 scout bees to find a new pad. They return and report (doing the wiggle dance) to explain what they found. Much like with people, there is a discussion of which one is best.
They discuss their options until there is a rough consensus (~80% agreement) on where to go.
Then the scout with the best location leads the swarm to their new home.
The study of learning from nature is called #biomimicry - most problems of most kinds are solved in some fashion already in nature. We're just ignorant.