sciencedirect.com/science/articl…
A stabilization of the global temperature can only be achieved when CO2 emissions from electricity production are radically reduced and eventually go to zero.
These impacts differ from technology to technology.
• climate change
• freshwater ecotoxicity
• freshwater eutrophication
• human toxicity
• metal depletion
• PM emissions
• photo-chemical ozone formation
• terrestrial acidification
• land occupation (urban and arable)
• Power technologies not involving combustion have lower environmental impacts for practically all impact categories.
• CCS increases impacts apart from greenhouse gas emissions.
• Bio has pollution-related impacts that are comparable to the present electricity mix, much higher LO, but brings the potential for carbon-negative energy production (with CCS).