🇺🇸 Economic impact of the infrastructure & #BuildBackBetter plans.
Our November baseline forecast includes both the bipartisan #infrastructure package and a $1.8tn BBB bill consisting of spending on social programs and climate initiatives via @OxfordEconomics
The $1.2tn #Infrastructure and Investment Jobs Act (IIJA) provides $550bn in new spending over the next 10 years.
We estimate it’ll boost #GDP growth by 0.1ppt in 2022 and 0.3ppt in 2023, with a cumulative 150,000 new jobs by the end of 2023.
Given that shovel-ready projects are a myth, we anticipate government outlays will only increase gradually, and the impact on #inflation will be minimal
The House has passed its version of #BuildBackBetter, and the legislation now heads to the Senate.
While we expect BBB to ultimately pass, we expect it will undergo some changes in the Senate to secure the votes of all 50 Democrats.
We estimate the #BuildBackBetter package would increase real GDP growth by 0.4ppt in 2022 and 0.5ppt in 2023 and add about 750,000 jobs to the economy by the end of 2023
#BuildBackBetter wouldn't meaningfully add to current inflationary pressures: price levels a marginal 0.2% higher by end-2023
Unlike $5.5tn #Covid relief measures passed over the past 18mo, most BBB’s outlays would be spread across 10yrs & offset by tax increases & spending cuts
What’s more, about $300bn of the new spending represents a continuation of existing programs, averting a fiscal cliff for many households in 2022 rather than boosting their income
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- NEW qualitative outcome-based forward guidance for QE program that links the horizon to max employment + price stability goals
- no change to composition or size of QE, but a floor of "at least" $120bn per month
The latest economic projections:
- Stronger near-term growth expectations
- Quite strong #GDP expectations for 2021
- Lower unemployment projections: below 4% in 2023
- #Inflation only a tad firmer: below 2% till 2023
- #Fed funds rate at zero through 2023
The #Fed's #GDP growth & #unemployment forecasts help explain why the Fed decided not to increase size or composition of QE.
They foresee rather strong growth in 2021 with a rapid decline in the unemployment. I wonder what their labor force participation rate assumptions are.
#Fed Beige Book:
👍Modest to moderate activity
👎Some regions slowing
👎Recovery incomplete
👎 Employment growth slowing (at best)
👎Labor supply issues
👍Outlooks remained positive
👎Optimism has waned
👎 Concerns: #Covid fear, lockdowns, fiscal policy cliffs
👍Modest inflation
Initial signs of financial sector stress and expectations of rising delinquencies:
"...deterioration of loan portfolios, particularly for commercial lending into the retail and leisure and hospitality sectors. An increase in delinquencies in 2021 is more widely anticipated..."
"...more school & plant closings, & renewed fears of
infection, which have further aggravated labor supply problems, including absenteeism & attrition
Providing for childcare & virtual schooling was widely cited as a significant & growing issue for the workforce, esp. for women"