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Marina Amaral @marinamaral2
, 5 tweets, 2 min read Read on Twitter
Dead German soldiers in a captured German trench. Near Ginchy. August 1916. #WorldWarI
The total number of military and civilian casualties in World War I was about 40 million: estimates range from 15 to 19 million deaths and about 23 million wounded military personnel, ranking it among the deadliest conflicts in human history.
The total number of deaths includes from 9 to 11 million military personnel. The civilian death toll was about 8 million, including about 6 million due to war-related famine and disease.
The Triple Entente (also known as the Allies) lost about 6 million military personnel while the Central Powers lost about 4 million. At least 2 million died from diseases and 6 million went missing, presumed dead.
About two-thirds of military deaths in World War I were in battle, unlike the conflicts that took place in the 19th century when the majority of deaths were due to disease.
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French and American soldiers at the altar of St. Joan of Arc Church (Basilique du Bois Chenu) near Domrémy, France. 9/15/1918.
Located on the hillside overlooking the village of Domrémy, the Basilique du Bois Chenu is a national monument expressing the country's gratitude to St Joan of Arc.

Joan of Arc is considered a heroine of France for her role during the Lancastrian phase of the Hundred Years' War.
.@hrcastor has a fantastic book on Joan of Arc if you want to learn more

amazon.com/Joan-Arc-Histo…
Read 4 tweets
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When the hours spent on research are totally worth it....
(That's why this stage of the process is SO important to me)
I love photographs taken inside cathedrals/churches during the war. The compositions are usually very powerful, especially when you take the whole context into consideration.
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Amelia Earhart was declared dead #OnThisDay in 1939.

She was the first female aviator to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean.

(The photo is from The Colour of Time tinyurl.com/y9ddsvzj)
Earhart was the daughter of Samuel "Edwin" Stanton Earhart and Amelia "Amy". She was born in Atchison, Kansas, in the home of her maternal grandfather, Alfred Gideon Otis, who was a former federal judge, the president of the Atchison Savings Bank.
According to family custom, Earhart was named after her two grandmothers, Amelia Josephine Harres and Mary Wells Patton. From an early age, Amelia was the ringleader while her sister Grace Muriel Earhart (1899–1998), two years her junior, acted as the dutiful follower.
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06/01/2019 - 78 years ago today, the longest-serving #UnitedStates #President, #Franklin D. #Roosevelt (#FDR) addressed the 77th #Congress with his "#Four #Freedoms" speech with the intent to shift #US #foreign #policy from that of #neutrality to #interventionist.
#FDR promoted the idea that the people of the world, in all nations, shared entitlement to four freedoms: that of the freedom of speech and expression, the freedom of worship, the freedom from want and the freedom from fear.
#FDR is arguably one of the most 'successful' #US Presidents. Some would argue that on the basis of his numerous social policies such as 'the New Deal'. Others, however, would argue that his role during the second world war was more prevalent to his success & everlasting legacy.
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On 11/11/1918, the armistice that ended World War I came into force. A century later, an American president talks wistfully about nationalism and a return to the international relations practices of the 19th century--two ingredients that made World War I possible. 1/x
A century later, we know the toll of that war: an estimated 40 million military and civilian casualties; including 15 to 19 million dead. 2/x
The failure to achieve a meaningful and lasting peace after the armistice led to the Second World War and another 60 million dead. 3/x
Read 22 tweets
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Are exoskeletons over-hyped? Grab a cup of coffee and let's chat about exo-tech [THREAD] 1/x
Dismounted ground troops disproportionately shoulder the burden for American wars. The infantry accounts for over 80% of U.S. casualties since World War II, yet makes up less than 4% of the force.
It wasn't always this way. In WWII, the infantry was the third-deadliest job behind bombadiers and submariners. But in the years since, technology has improved the survivability of bombers and submarines, giving American forces a huge advantage over adversaries.
Read 32 tweets
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ROOSEVELT BETRAYS AMERICA! prowhite.media/blog/f/rooseve…
"They sought the #war, they provoked and maneuvered to get it. They pressed the young peoples of #Germany,# Italy and #Japan wherever they could. They wanted war, a real world #war — and now they have it.
"Not only two worlds of ideas are at #war here, but the whole world.
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This Day in Labor History: July 17, 1944. A munitions explosion at the Port Chicago Naval Magazine in Port Chicago, California killed 320 mostly African-American soldiers. Let's talk about black labor in the military and how black lives haven't mattered to the US, then or now.
Is military work part of labor history? It’s not something we usually consider. For one thing, soldiers don’t produce profit for capitalists, although one could broadly argue that the U.S. military serves capitalist goals and soldiers are the capitalists’ shock troops.
That’s more of an ideological argument than a practical one. Soldiers aren’t traditional workers. But they do work. They labor and they get hurt and die on the job. They also have almost no way to protect themselves as workers.
Read 34 tweets
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hearing—"#China's Worldwide #Military Expansion" is a dramatic bellwether of growing concerns in Washington & beyond.

Now online—hard-hitting arguments + many data points, some deeply-analyzed yet hard to find elsewhere in public domain:
bit.ly/HouseIC
CAPT Jim Fanell, USN Ret, former @USPacificFleet N2:

"today, the PLA Navy consists of over 330 surface ships & 66 submarines, nearly 400 combatants. As of 4 May 2018, the @USNavy consists of 283 battle force ships: 211 surface ships and 72 submarines."
bit.ly/HouseIC
"By 2030, it is estimated [by Fanell & @SCheneyPeters in their chapter in @NavalWarCollege @ChinaMaritime Studies Institute's Chinese Naval Shipbuilding volume amazon.com/Chinese-Naval-… @USNIBooks that] the PLANavy will consist of some 550 ships: 450 surface ships & 99 submarines."
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