The latter is far more pervasive than the former. Is why people say coding is just as much art as science?
Except with art, you’re sort of “done” when a book, painting, music album is “done”.
Incoherent code is often the result of complexity accruing in small increments. Unless there’s a culture of constantly refactoring code (and there isn’t, in most cases), this is inevitable
It’s not even art; it’s like parenting, without ever having the prospect of being an empty nester. 😴