15th century Nagarthaththa now #Thatta (Sindh) ruler Jam Juna had 2 daughters Mugali & Muraki. Mugali was married to Gujarat Sultan Muhammedshah around 1442 AD. His 2nd daughter Muraki of was married to Gujarat famous Saint Saiyad Shah Alam Bukhari around 1442 AD.
In 1445 a son was borne to Gujarat Sultan Muhammedshah 2nd & queen Mugali. He was named Fatehkhan. He later became famous Sultan Mahmood Begada. His stepbrother Kutubuddin became Gujarat Sultan.
15th century Gujarat Sultan Kutubuddin was cruel, angry & drunkard. He tried to kill his stepbrother Fatehkhan later Sultan Mahmood Begda. Gujarat Sultan Kutubuddin had enmity with famous Muslim Saint Shah Alam Bukhari. Sultan harassed Saint & his followers at Rasoolabad.
15th century Gujarat Sultan Kutubuddin's widow stepmother Mugali with her son Fatehkhan (Mahmud Begada) took shelter of her brother-in-law (sister's husband) Saint Shah Alam. Later she remarried with Saint Shah Alam Bukhari.
On 23-5-1459 Gujarat 5th Sultan Kutubuddin died at age of 29 years after rule of 8 years. 2 separate reasons for his death are given in books. As per Mirat-i-Sikandari, Gujarat Sultan Kutubuddin died due to wound of accidental injury of sword on his leg while killing a mad camel.
In 1459 AD after 3 days of the death of Gujarat Sultan Kutubuddin his uncle Daudkhan became Gujarat 6th Sultan. He was a son of Sultan Ahmedshah. Gujarat Sultan Daudkhan gave high ranking titles to lower class persons. He curtailed expenses of oil for street lights & palaces.
There was tradition in Gujarat to feed doves & birds.Gujarat Sultans continued this practice.But 6th Sultan Daudkhan curtailed this expenses. In 1459 AD Gujarat top Amirs-lords displeased with Sultan Daudkhan's unusual behaviour unbecoming of a Sultan.They decided to dethrone him
In 1459 AD Gujarat Amirs decided to make young prince Fatehkhan, stepbrother of late Sultan Kutubuddin, Gujarat Sultan in place of Daudkhan. Gujarat Amirs sent Alla-ul-Mulk to bring prince Fatehkhan from Rasulabad where he lived with mother Mugali & stepfather Saint Shah Alam.
Prince Fatehkhan mother first refused to make his son Gujarat Sultan as he was only 13 years.After much persuasion she agreed to Amirs wish. In 1459 AD Amirs brought prince Fatehkhan on horseback to Bhadra fort Ahmedabad & declared him Gujarat 7th Sultan with Naubat-drum playing.
In 1459 AD when prince Fatehkhan was being made Gujarat Sultan in Bhadra fort, Sultan Daudkhan fled through palace backside window on Sabarmati. Dethroned 7 days Sultan Daudkhan fled & became Murid (disciple) of Sufi Saint Sheikh Adan Rumi. He preferred Sufi way of life & died
In 1459 AD prince Fatehkhan became Gujarat 7th Sultan acquiring the title of 'Abulfatah Mahmoodshah' at age of 13 years. He became famous in the history of Gujarat as Mahmood Begada.
15th century Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Begada became Sultan at age of 13 years.His powerful Amirs (lords) troubled him due to his minor age in beginning. Gujarat Sultan Mahmood Begada's Wazir Imad-ul-Mulk was very powerful & faithful to Sultan. So Amirs made a conspiracy against him.
Gujarat Sultnat Amirs became powerful due to chaos in previous weak Sultans rule.They arrested Wazir Imad-ul-Mulk & kept him in Bhadra fort.Main rebel Amirs of 15th century Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Begada were Kabruddin Urf,Amad-ul-Mulk,Maulvi Khizar,Burhan-ul-Mulk,Khwaja Muhammed.
15th century Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Begada with support of elephant force chief Abdulla released Wazir Imad-ul-Mulk from captivity of rebels. Sultan Mahmud Begada suppressed Amirs (lords) revolt with stern actions.Rebel Amir fled away but they were traced,caught & killed by Sultan
15th century Gujarat Sultan Mahmood Begada by showing courage & skill suppressed Amirs rebel at age of 14 years. He rewarded faithful Amirs. In 1461 & 1463 Sultan Mahmud Begada fought with Malwa Sultan Mahmudshah to help Bahamani child Sultan Nizamshah who was attacked by Malwa.
In 1464 AD Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Begada attacked Paradi fort in Valsad area of south Gujarat as it Hindu ruler was engaged in piracy & looting traders' ships. He was defeated by Sultan Mahmud Begada & punished.
15th century Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Begada invaded & won Junagadh in 1469 AD,south Sindh in 1472 AD,Dwarka-Okha Mandal in 1473 AD & Champaner-Pavagadh in 1484 AD. We have tweeted on Sultan Mahmud Begada's all these invasions in detail recently.
In 1473 AD after annexing Dwarka-Okha region & making proper administrative arrangements,Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Begada returned back Junagadh. In 1473 while going from Junagadh to Ahmedabad Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Begada went Ghogha & punished Ghogha-Khabhat pirates of Khambhat bay
In 1480 AD when Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Begada was away at Junagadh,his brother-in-law Wazir Khudawandkhan planned coup & dethrone Sultan Mahmud. Gujarat rebel Amirs under Khudawandkhan planned to kill Sultan Mahmud's most trusted & faithful Amir (lord) Imad-ul-Mulk but plan failed
In 1480 AD Sultan Mahmud Begada received revolt news at Junagadh. He returned Ahmedabad immediately & suppressed the revolt. He pardoned & dismissed his brother-in-law Sultnat Wazir Khudawandkhan.
In 15th century Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Begada's Amir (lord) Sultnat Wazir Khudawandkhan started farming of fig & poppy seeds in Gujarat by bringing seeds of fig & poppy from south India.
In 1487 AD when Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Begada was hunting at Halol near Champaner, some horse traders met him to complain against Sirohi ruler. Horse traders complained Sultan Mahmud that when they were in Abu mountain foot, Sirohi ruler looted their 400 horses & valuables.
In 1487 AD Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Begada sent message to Sirohi ruler Jagmal ordering him to return back 400 horses to horse traders whom he looted. On receiving message from Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Sirohi ruler frightened & returned back loot of 400 horses & valuables to traders.
In 1494 AD Bahmani Sultan Mahmudshah's Amir Bahadurshah became pirate in Konkan.He looted Khambhat. So Gujarat Sultan Mahmud complained Bahmani Sultan who caught pirate Bahadurshah & beheaded him. His head was sent with looted property of Khambhat to Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Begada.
In 1469 AD Vaghoji Zala became Kankavati/Kuva ruler.He was very brave & friend of last Hindu Sorath ruler Ra'Mandlik who was defeated by Sultan Mahmud Begada.Kuva ruler Vaghoji Zala became very sad on his friend Ra'Mandlik defeat by Sultan Mahmud. So he challenged Sultnat power.
In 1486 AD Kankavati/Kuva Zala ruler Vaghoji Zala refused to accept sovereignty of Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Begda. So Sultan sent army to win Kankavati. Gujarat Sultnat army under Khalilkhan attacked Kankavati ruler Vaghoji.After fierce battle Vaghoji defeated Sultnat army at Sejpur
In 1486 AD Gujarat Sultnat Mahmud Begada's army was defeated by Kankavati/Kuva Zalawad in Saurashtra main branch Zala Rajput ruler Vaghoji. So Sultan Mahmud Begda himself attacked Kankavati (later Kuva) in Saurashtra.
In 1486 AD Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Begada attacked Kankkavati & besieged fort.Zala ruler Vaghoji & his soldiers opened gate & done Keshariya. Kankavati Zala ruler Vaghoji fought with Sultan army bravely & won 1st phase of battle but in 2nd phase he lost battle.Sultan Mahmud won.
In 1486 AD Kankavati Zala ruler Vaghoji & his 6 sons Nayoji,Mepji,Sangramji,Jodhaji,Ajoji & Raysinhji were killed in battle by Sultnat army. Kankavati/Kuva Zala ruler Vaghoji was killed in battle by Sultan Mahmud Begda.His queens & daughters burnt themselves in fire pyre.
In 1486 AD after defeat & death of Kankavati/Kuva Zala ruler Vaghoji,his state was annexed to Sultnat.His son Rajodharji fled & founded Halvad as his capital in 1488 AD.He invited Sidhpur Auditchya Sahastra Brahmin to come to Halvad and settled them here.They are Zalavadi Brahmin
In 1475 AD Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Begada awarded title 'Davar-ul-Mulk' to Abdul Latif who was a disciple of Saint Shah Alam & sent him Saurashtra to preach Islam in Hindus especially in Rajputs. He settled in Amran village (now in Jamnagar district).
15th century Davar-ul-Mulk tortured Hindus in Amran area of Saurashtra to adopt Islam. So one Deda Rajput killed Davar-ul-Mulk in 1509 AD and he was made a saint after his death by the title of Daval Shah. He is famous as Davalsha Pir. His tomb at Amran is a place of pilgrimage.
In 1476 AD Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Brgada annexed Jagirs of Sarvaiya Rajputs in Amreli & Kundala area & compelled them to leave their villages. Two brave Sarvaiya Rajput brothers Jesoji & Vejoji became outlaws as their Jagir in Amreli area was annexed by Gujarat Sultan Mahmud.
In 1476 AD outlaws Sarvaiya Rajput brothers Jesoji & Vejoji looted villages in Amreli & Kundala area. They tried to murder Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Begada. They entered in Sultan Mahmud palace in Uparkot fort at Junagadh in the night to kill him but returned as his Begum was nude.
In 1476 AD outlaws Rajput brother Jesoji & Vejoji were given their Jagir back by Sultan Mahmud as insisted by his Begum due to her Sultan saved. Sarvaiya Rajput Jesoji & Vejoji founded Jesar and Vejalku towns. In dispute over their sons deaths Jesoji killed Vejoji & himself.
15th century Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Begda's one queen was Marwad's Rajput ruler daughter.Her sister was queen of Ranpur Gohil ruler Ranoji.Once Ranpur Gohil ruler Ranojis queen insulted her sister who was Sultan Mahmud Begum for being her Muslim. So Begum complained Sultan Mahmud.
In 15th century a Muslim lady with her son was on way to Mecca for Hajj. They halted at Ranpur in Saurashtra.When her son was praying Namaz he was killed by Ranpur ruler Ranoji Gohil. His mother went to Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Begada & complained against Ranpur ruler Ranoji Gohil.
15th century Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Begada sent army under his sister's son Bhandarikhan to attack Ranpur to punish it Gohil ruler Ranoji.Sultan's brother-in-law Gohil ruler Ranoji with his soldiers done Keshariya against Gujarat Sultnat army. After fierce battle they were killed.
In 15th century Ranpur (Saurashtra)'s Gohil Rajput ruler Ranoji was killed in battle by Gujarat Sultnat army. His queens & daughters burnt themselves in fire pyres & became Sati.
In the 15th century in the rule of Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Begada Parmar Rajputs under their chief Lakhdhirji Parmar came to Saurashtra from Tharparkar of Sindh in 1470-1475 AD. First, they settled in Than & Chotila area then shifted to Muli. They are known as Sodha Parmar Rajputs.
In 15th century Sindh Sumara ruler attracted by the beauty of Jat chief's daughter Sumaribai wished to marry her but Jat chief refused to do so. Jat chief with 700 of his clan left Sindh due to Sumara ruler enmity. They took shelter of Muli Saurashtra Parmar ruler Lakhdhirji.
in 15th century Sindh Sumara ruler army chased Jat chief to Muli in Saurashtra & attacked Parmar ruler Lakhdhirji. The fierce battle fought. Muli Parmar ruler Lakhdhirji made a truce with invading Sindh Sumara ruler after helping Jat chief and his daughter to flee away.
In 15th century invading Sindh Sumara ruler returned. He took with him Muli Parmar ruler Lakhdhirji's brother Haloji as a hostage to Sindh. Muli Parmar ruler Lakhdhirji requested Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Begada to help to free his brother Haloji from captivity of Sindh Sumara ruler.
In the 15th century, Gujarat Sultan Mahmood Begada helped to free Muli Parmar prince Haloji from the captivity of Sindh ruler. Haloji returned Muli. Then he went Ahmedabad in service of Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Begada. Haloji Parmar & his brother adopted Islam & became Muslim.
In 15th century Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Begada gifted Haloji Parmar his Mama (maternal uncle) Ranoji Gohil's Ranpur state.His descendants are Kasbati Malek.Sultan Mahmud Begada gifted Haloji Parmar's brother Botad estate in Saurashtra on becoming Muslim.Later he shifted to Dholaka.
In 1490 AD Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Begda invaded Somnath & Prabhas & damaged already ruined Somnath temple again.He destroyed other temples. As per Kazi Masjid stone inscription of 1496 Gujarat Sultan Mahmud destroyed idols of Somnath & made Kafirs powerless and city second Madina.
In 15th century Sultan Mahmud Begda imprisoned Umarala (Saurashtra) Gohil ruler Sarangji who escaped from prison & later paid tribute to Sultan. Many Gujarat Rajputs & their rulers adopted Islam under the influence of Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Bagada. They are known as Molesalam.
In 15th century Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Begda's army under Alapkhan attacked Sanjan in south Gujarat. It Rana ruler with Parsi under Ardeshar fought bravely. Gujarat Sultnat army under Alapkhan defeated Sanjan Rana ruler & killed Parsi leader Ardeshar in battle. They looted Sanjan.
In 15th century Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Begda's army under Alapkhan after winning Sanjan, attacked Hindu rulers' states Daman & Bharot, Parnera in Konkan area and won them.
Army of 15th century Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Begada was best among all Indian states. Sultan cared for his soldiers & officers personally. Sultan Mahmud Begda's army personnel were paid salary in cash as well as in the form of land. The army was composed of Hindu & Muslim soldiers.
15th century Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Begada after returning of invasions, held a gathering of widows & dependents of dead soldiers at Sarkhej. Sultan Mahmud Begda rewarded & awarded soldiers & dead soldiers widows and dependents who were given agriculture land for livelihood.
15th century Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Bagada after returning of invasion/victory entered capital Ahmedabad only after dead soldiers dependents were given livelihood. Sultan Mahmud Begda used to become emotional & wept in reward giving functions of dead soldiers' widows & dependents.
15th century Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Begda's army soldiers were not allowed to borrow money on interest as it was against Islam religion. Sultan Mahmud Begada gave them interest -free loan from Sultnat treasury.
15th century Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Begda cared his subject personally. He used to roam in cities, towns & villages of Gujarat Sultnat. Whenever he saw a vacant shop/house during his such visits, he asked the local officer for reason of such vacancy of property & to help it owner.
15th century Sultan Mahmud Begada was famous as a glutton. His consumption of food was around 20 kgs daily. He ate 2 kg parched rice after the meal. Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Begda consumed 1 large glass Mecca honey,1 large glass Ghee & 150 golden bananas in morning breakfast.
15th century Sultan Mahmud Begada used to keep Samosa plates on both sides of his bed during the night so that he could eat from any side in the night. Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Begda was fond of melon & water-melon of Ahmedabad. So he preferred to live in Ahmedabad during summer.
15th century Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Begada used to say, "It is good that Khuda made me Badshah otherwise how can I fill my stomach? "
On 20 May 1498 Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama reached Calicut port of Malabar (now Kozhikode in Kerala). He was received by Calicut King Zamorin.After this Portugal power established on Malabar coast.They started to harass Gujarati sea traders.Old paintings of Gama & Zamorin. 
In 1508 combined naval force of Gujarat Sultan under Malek Ayaz & Egypt Sultan under Amir Husen attacked Portuguese & defeated them at Chaul. In 1509 Portuguese navy under Goa Viceroy Almeida attacked Gujarat Sultnat navy & Egypt navy at Diu & defeated them.Malek Ayaz made truce.
In 1511 AD Persia (Iran) Shia Muslim emperor Shah Ismail Safavid sent envoys delegation to meet Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Bagda who refused to meet the delegation because Sultan Mahmud Begada was a staunch Sunni Muslim & delegation was from a Shia Muslim emperor of Iran.
In 14th century a Bihari Afghan Lohani Malek Sherkhan on way to Mecca stayed in Jhalor of Rajasthan. He joined Jhalor Chauhan Rajput ruler service.Jhalor Chauhan rulers & Marwad Rathod rulers had enmity. In a conspiracy, Marwad Rathod ruler murdered Jhalor ruler Visaldev Chauhan.
In 14th century Jhalor Chauhan ruler Visaldev's widow queen Popabai ruled the state with help of Bihari Afghan Sherkhan's descendant Malek Khurram. Jhalor Chauhan queen Popabai administration was very weak.Gujarati proverb 'Popabai Na Raj Chhe' formed from the name of this queen.
In 1394 AD Jhalor state administrator Bihari Afghan Malek Khurram became powerful.He became Jhalor ruler with help of Gujarat governor Zafarkhan.Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Begada helped Jhalor ruler Malek Usman against his brother in heir dispute. He brought Jhalor under Gujarat rule.
In 1619 AD Jhalor Bihari Pathan ruler Diwan Firozkhan Hetani made Palanpur in Gujarat his capital. Hetani of Palanpur state in Gujarat was the longest Muslim ruler dynasty of India.
In 15 century Sultan Mahmud Begda's army under Alapkhan defeated Sanjan Rana ruler & killed Parsi leader Ardeshar in battle.They looted Sanjan. Gujarat Sultnat army killed people,looted & burnt houses & temples at Sanjan. Parsi took away their holy Atash Behram (fire) for safety.
In 15th century Gujarat Sultan won Sanjan.Parsi took holy fire Atash Behram Iran Shah to Bahrot.They placed Atash Behram in cave for safety. In late 15th century Parsi shifted holy fire Atash Behram from Bahrot to Vansda, then to Navsari & Valsad. Last it was shifted to Udvada.
In early 15th century Navsari Parsi chief Asha Rana had much influence in court of Gujarat Sultan Ahmedshah.His son Changa Asha was famous. In 1478 AD Navsari Parsi chief Changa Asha sent Nariman Hoshang to Iran to bring their religious literature from Pahlavi scholars & Dasturs.
1103 years ago in 917 AD Parsi migrated to Diu Gujarat from Iran because of Arab invasions.They lived in Diu for 19 years then went Sanjan.Bravery of Parsi people in battle with Gujarat Sultan army at Sanjan is described in book 'Kissa-i-Sanjan' written by Bahman Kekobad in 1599.
In 15th century Malek Ayaz Sultani was Gujarat Sultnat naval chief during the rule of Sultan Mahmud Begada & Sultan Muzffar. He was top Amir-lord. Gujarat naval chief Malek Ayaz was a Russian white slave caught by Turks & brought in Istambul. He was sold to a middle east trader.
Arab trader came to Gujarat for trade. He gifted his white Russian slave Malek Ayaz to Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Begada as Ayaz was very clever. During Malawa invasion Malek Ayaz killed flying falcon by an arrow as falcon pray fell on Sultan Mahmud Begda. Sultan became very pleased.
15th century Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Begada freed brave Malek Ayaz Sultani from slavery for his quick & prompt action & awarded the title of Malik. Malek Ayaz Sultani was very clever, intelligent & brave. He became top Amir (lord) of Gujarat Sultnat. He was powerful & very rich.
15th century Gujarat Sultan Mahmud Begada appointed Malek Ayaz Sultani as Sorath governor & Sultnat naval chief with his headquarter at Diu. Gujarat Sultnat navy chief Malek Ayaz Sultani fought many naval battles with rising Portuguese power in the Arabian sea.
