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Final Report on Organizational and Management Structure for the National Security Space Components of the Department of Defense

@drawandstrike @ThomasWictor @HNIJohnMiller @jihadaeon1 @rising_serpent @_ImperatorRex_ @GodlessNZ @LarrySchweikart

media.defense.gov/2018/Aug/09/20…

Space is integral to the U.S. way of life, our national security, and modern warfare. Although U.S. space systems have historically maintained a technological advantage over those of potential adversaries,

those potential adversaries are now actively developing ways to deny our use of space in a crisis. It is imperative that the United States adapts its policies, doctrine, and capabilities to protect our interests.

Towards that end, the Department of Defense will marshal spaces resources into a Space Force. The Space Force will protect our economy through deterrence of malicious activities, ensure our space systems meet national security requirements,

and provide vital capabilities to joint and coalition forces across the spectrum of conflict.

Presidential leadership, congressional support, and Department of Defense focus have set the environment for dramatic improvement of our national space capabilities.

The President has articulated a compelling vision for a Space Force that protects the U.S. economy and way of life.

In his remarks at a meeting of the National Space Council on June 18, 2018, the President directed “the Department of Defense and Pentagon to immediately begin the process necessary to establish a Space Force as the sixth branch of the Armed Forces” that is separate from and...

equal to other branches. The Department of Defense will take immediate steps to implement the President’s direction where authorities exist and seek legislation from Congress to realize the President’s vision.

The President’s National Security Strategy and the National Strategy for Space highlight that space is a strategic domain and the United States must maintain peace through strength in space.

The National Strategy for Space outlines four pillars for a unified approach to secure U.S. space leadership:
 Transform to more resilient space architectures,
 Strengthen deterrence and warfighting options,

 Improve foundational capabilities, structure, and processes, and
 Foster conducive domestic and international environments for space development.

Congress has also made its intent and support clear, providing direction and significant funding to enhance national space capabilities.

Establishing a sixth branch of the Armed Forces requires Congressional action. This report outlines immediate steps by the Department of Defense to protect U.S. vital interests in space, including:

 Accelerate space technology and anchor development initiatives to the modernization priorities outlined in the National Defense Strategy,

 Establish a Space Development Agency, a joint organization charged with rapidly developing and fielding next-generation capabilities,

 Establish a Space Operations Force of career space experts who are trained, promoted and retained as space warfighting professionals and who form a space community of engineers, scientists, intelligence experts, operators, strategists and more,

 Establish an affordable and efficient operating structure with accountable civilian oversight to provide service and support functions for the Space Force,

 Establish a new U.S. Space Command to improve and evolve space warfighting, including integrating innovative force designs, concepts of operation, doctrines, tactics, techniques and procedures.

THE THREAT

The United States faces rapidly growing threats to our space capabilities. China and Russia, our strategic competitors, are explicitly pursuing space warfighting capabilities to neutralize U.S. space capabilities during a time of conflict.

Other potential adversaries are also pursuing counter-space capabilities such as jamming, dazzling, and cyber-attacks. In a May 11, 2017 Statement for the Record for the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence,

the Director of National Intelligence provided the following assessment of adversary space capabilities and intentions:

“Russia and China perceive a need to offset any US military advantage derived from military, civil, or commercial space systems and are increasingly considering attacks against satellite systems as part of their future warfare doctrine.

Both will continue to pursue a full range of anti-satellite (ASAT) weapons as a means to reduce US military effectiveness.

“Some new Russian and Chinese ASAT weapons, including destructive systems, will probably complete development in the next several years. …

Both countries are advancing directed energy weapons technologies for the purpose of fielding ASAT systems ... [and] continue to conduct sophisticated on-orbit satellite activities such as rendezvous and proximity operations,

which are likely intended to test dual-use technologies with inherent counterspace functionality.

“The global threat of electronic warfare (EW) attacks against space systems will expand in the coming years in both number and types of weapons.

Development will very likely focus on jamming capabilities against dedicated military satellite communications (SATCOM), Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imaging satellites, and enhanced capabilities against Global...

Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), such as the US Global Positioning System (GPS). Blending of EW and cyber-attack capabilities will likely expand in pursuit of sophisticated means to deny and degrade information networks.”

***I'm skipping a few sections here.***

SPACE FORCE

President Trump directed the establishment of a Space Force to better protect U.S. vital interests in space. Like the other military branches, the Space Force will organize, train, & equip forces to protect national security interests in the physical domain of space.

The Space Force will accelerate and unify the Department’s space efforts and enable the delivery of next-generation space capabilities faster than potential adversaries can evolve. The Space Force will grow the world’s most capable national security space workforce.

These efforts set the foundation for growth, mission expansion, and service structure to meet man, train, and equip responsibilities.

Change
Establishing the Space Force will be multi-dimensional and phased. In this first phase, using existing authorities, the Department of Defense will establish several of the component parts of the Space Force.

The second phase requires Congress to combine these components into the sixth branch of the Armed Forces. The Department of Defense is immediately pursuing four components:

 Space Development Agency – capabilities development and fielding,

 Space Operations Force – developing space leaders and joint space warfighters,

 Services and Support – leadership and support structures, and

 Space Command – developing Space Force warfighting operations to protect U.S. national interests.

First, DoD will establish a Space Development Agency to develop and field space capabilities at speed and scale. The Air Force has already begun to transform its Space and Missile Center (SMC).

The Department will accelerate and extend this transformation to all services by creating a joint Space Development Agency.

Second, the Department will develop the Space Operations Force to support the Combatant Commands.

These joint space warfighters will provide space expertise to combatant commanders and the Space Development Agency, and surge expertise in time of crisis to ensure that space capabilities are leveraged effectively in conflict.

Third, the Department will create the governance, services, and support functions of the Space Force. Many of these will require changes to U.S. law. The Department will build a legislative proposal for Congressional consideration as a part of the Fiscal Year 2020 budget cycle.

Fourth, the Department will create a U.S. Space Command, led by a four star general or flag officer, to lead the use of space assets in warfighting and accelerate integration of space capabilities into other warfighting forces.

U.S. Space Command will be responsible for directing the employment of the Space Force.

Priorities

The Department is focused on aligning existing capabilities and accelerating new warfighting capability.

The Department will:

 Ensure unfettered access to, and freedom to operate in space,

 Improve space support to Combatant Commands,

 Center on speed and urgency, including scalability and development of breakthroughs,

 Accelerate capacity and capability,

 Leverage DoD-enterprise support and service functions such as recruiting, facilities management, & medical rather than establishing redundant ones,

 Consolidate existing authorities for DOD space activities, and

 Minimize duplication of effort and eliminate bureaucratic inefficiencies.

Timing

Outlined below are steps toward the Space Force that are within the Department’s current authorities and will be taken in the coming months.

A legislative proposal for the authorities necessary to fully establish the Space Force as the sixth branch of the Armed Forces will be submitted with the President’s Budget for FY 2020 to support Congressional consideration in the FY 2020 National Defense Authorization Act.