Foreign funding explicitly went after pipelines, figuring
(a) only had to cause problems in one or two locales along route;
(b) they could bottle up production
- Energy East (conversion)
- Gateway (new)
- Keystone (XL extension)
- Trans Mountain (expansion)
Production:
• 1989: 1.5 million barrels/day
• 2007: 2.5 mm bbl/d
• 2017: 4.2 mm bbl/d
• 2018: 4.5 mm bbl/d est
Exports to USA:
• 1997: 571 mm barrels
• 2007: 896 mm bbl
• 2017: 1.5 billion bbl
But they did not block oil production or exports: those are the highest ever.