Title - sounds straightforward but this is not a paper, so no long convoluted stuff! Best with a short direct question
Whats the problem?
Why is it important?
What we know and what we need to know.
Whats my question or hypothesis? (put this in *bold*)
Describe the state of the art and describe your own (& the labs) work that has contributed to that. It is helpful to use "First..... Second..... Third" it helps the reviewer to keep track for where they are in the proposal.
Own work should be described in a separate paragraph and link previous work by others and future work proposed.
As a principle you should always try to state a hypothesis. This can be difficult sometimes, but try to always to state the hypothesis.
Describe what you are actually going to do in broad terms.
A hypothesis should generate 2 or 3 predictions that can be tested.
Start this section by stating "my hypothesis predicts that" again use "first... second... third"
This is where the detail comes in. A series of experimental aims that test the predictions. Level of detail varies a lot depending on the specific grant (so get advice 😉) You are trying to convince the reviewer that you can do the work AND that it is feasible.
Wedding attire goes: something new, something old, something borrowed, something blue.
Proposal writing goes: something new, something old, something borrowed (collaboration), something blue (blue sky, bold, new, exciting).
That's it, all courtesy of Charles ffrench-Constant from @EdinUniNeuro