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isaac Samuel
@rhaplord
, 3 tweets, 1 min read Read on Twitter
the three tarikhs similarity and accuracy of historical accounts have led west-african historians from hunkwick to moraes to suggest an earlier 13th-14th century written source especially for the al-sudan chronicle

the oldest detailed historical account of west-african empire
yet discovered are ibn furtu's two books on the expansion of the kanem empire; ghazawat Barnu; "The Book of the Bornu Wars" written in 1576 and ghazawat Kanei "The Book of the Kanem Wars" written in 1578

west africa's scholarly culture has been wrongly confined to timbuktu when
in truth it was fairly spread out from chinguetti through tichitt, timbuktu, agadez to ngarzargamu and down from djenne through hamdullahi, yendi to kumasi

Arabic Literature of Africa: The writings of central Sudanic Africa
John Hunwick, Rex Séan O'Fahey
books.google.de/books/about/Ar…
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isaac Samuel
@rhaplord
1664 folio from Tārīkh al-Fattāsh <chronicle of the researcher> ; a detailed account of the history of the west-african empires from the rise of ghana through mali to the fall of songhai spanning the 4th to 16th centuries

#randomxt

Mamma Haidara Memorial Library, mali

the 1/3
chronicle was written by Ibn al-Mukhtar in the mid 17th cent. which, along with al-Sadi 1656 Tarikh al-Sudan "Notice historique" 1657/69 form the Tarikh's genre ;some of the most widely used primary sources of west-african history written by west africans living in west-africa
reading;
The Meanings of Timbuktu
Shamil Jeppie, Souleymane Bachir Diagne
books.google.co.ug/books/about/Th…

African Dominion: A New History of Empire in Early and Medieval West Africa
Michael Gomez
books.google.co.ug/books/about/Af…

thread on west-africa's ,manuscripts
Read 3 tweets
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isaac Samuel
@rhaplord
no african (or asian) colony was independent then, fits perfectly into the trans-continental anti-colonial and civil rights movt of the 60s where most gained independence, and jim crow was ended
the main cause behind this paradigm shift was hitler's act of playing out the
evils of white supremacy on the european mainland rather than reserving it or the colonies like his peers
european powers kept the mass murder/torture in congo, concentration camps in south africa and genocide in the americas & namibia outside where it couldnt affect them until
hitler brought it home only then did scientific racism and social darwinism get discredited by previously staunch supporters like belgium<swinging the pendulum in favour of the hutu -a precursor to the rwandan genocides>
and religious justification for the civilising mission wane
Read 3 tweets
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isaac Samuel
@rhaplord
16th cent. brass plaque depicting edo priests with offerings -benin city, nigeria

#randomxt

-britishmuseum

benin court etiquette called for elaborate containers for things other than liquids such as kola nuts
their spiral hair suggests a priestly role and they were called 1/2
'emuru' -specialists who care for the iru -ritual brass vessels filled with protective substances used in palace ceremonies

see more plaque under the hashtag
this book is actually available free online in pdf form but i wont link it here and although its abit dated; its well written

Royal Art of Benin: The Perls Collection in the Metropolitan Museum of Art
Kate Ezra Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York, N.Y.)
books.google.co.ug/books/about/Ro…
Read 3 tweets

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