Krippenreiter Profile picture
Dec 26 19 tweets 22 min read
[1/🧵] I've been reading a lot about #XRPL #scalability recently.

Let me quickly go through how #XRPL performs and #scales on these metrics:

▶️ Scale up "vertically"
▶️ Scale out "horizontally"
▶️ High volume & High value TX
▶️ High value & Low speed Source: https://ripple.com/insights/building-a-more-sustaina
[2/17] 👉 Asynchronous TX speed—Scale up "vertically"

In contrast to #DAG-based systems, which operate in "chaotic order" and execute transactions in parallel, the #XRPL validates transactions in canonical transaction order—one Ledger at a time.

🔗 bitcoin.stackexchange.com/questions/7857…
. . .
[3/17] . . .

❓ The approach for #DLT/#Blockchain-based systems such as #XRPL:
☑️ "Payment Channels"

🧐 It's a sophisticated feature for transmitting "asynchronous" #XRP #payments that may be broken into extremely small amounts and paid in total order afterwards.
. . . Source: https://ripple.com/insights/amendments-ensuring-sens
[4/17] . . .

Because it's #Christmas, consider the following #analogy: 🎅🎄

1⃣ Without "#PaymentChannels":
Alice sends a package (Ledger) to @bob_way every ~3 seconds, each containing a few toys (#transactions)
. . . Source: https://www.istockphoto.com/photos/christmas-package
[5/17] . . .

2⃣ With "#PaymentChannels":
Alice is continually wrapping up new toys (#TX) and NOT delivering them over to @bob_way (async. authorized claim with a single validated #TX), while also reminding him:

"They are yours whenever you want them 😉" (redeem a claim)
. . . Source: https://unsplash.com/s/photos/christmas-gift
[6/17] . . .

🤨 What are the constraints of the solution?

#PaymentChannels enable #transactions to be carried out at a rate that is only limited by the participants' capacity to produce and validate #digital #signatures for those Claims.
. . . Source: https://blog.signaturit.com/en/what-is-a-digital-sig
[7/17] . . .

This restriction is mostly determined by the speed of the participants' #hardware and the complexity of the #signature #algorithms.
. . . Source: https://www.unixtutorial.org/generating-ed25519-ssh-
[8/17] . . .

In 2011, research proved the capacity to produce over #Ed25519 100,000 #signatures per second and verify over 70,000 per second on commodity #hardware.

🔗 ed25519.cr.yp.to/ed25519-201109…
. . . Source: https://ed25519.cr.yp.to/ed25519-20110926.pdf
[9/17] . . .

The most recent numbers are always available here:
🔗 bench.cr.yp.to/results-sign.h…

The most recent paper I could find was as follows:
🔗 eprint.iacr.org/2021/471.pdf

Numbers interpretation (4 years ago):
🔗 crypto.stackexchange.com/questions/6025…
[10/17] 👉 Scale out "horizontally"

We defined how to #scale up "vertically" by increasing capacity by adding more resources (#CPU, #storage), for example:

🔄 Improved/optimized CPUs / Servers ▶️ More signatures ▶️ Larger Payment Channels ▶️ Faster #XRPLedger
. . . Source: https://www.startpage.com/av/proxy-image?piurl=https
[11/17] . . .

The next step is to learn about the #technical characteristics that the #XRPL can provide in order to #scale horizontally.

➡️ Add #servers to a #cluster that operate as a logical unit to improve capacity.

In #XRPL jargon:
▶️ "Federated #Sidechains"
. . . Source: https://xrpl.org/federated-sidechains.html
[12/17] . . .

If adding #servers isn't enough to #scale out enough to handle all of the #transactions on the #XRPL itself, there's always the possibility of spinning up a new #sidechain with purpose-fit rules if the #mainchain becomes overloaded.

🔗 ripple.com/insights/a-vis…
[13/17] 👉 High volume & High value TX

❓ We've prev. addressed how the #XRPL will manage large volume load, but how will it handle liquidity issues for high value #TX when the trading-pair is not liquid enough?

The solution proposed for this specific problem:
▶️ #AMM
. . . Source: https://github.com/XRPLF/XRPL-Standards/discussions/
[14/17] . . .

The [A]utomated[M]arket[M]aker (#XLS30d) liquidity pools enable #liquidity provisioning without the need of smart-contracts, further enhancing the #CLOB-based #XRPL #DEX.

🔗 dev.to/ripplexdev/xrp…
[15/17] 👉 High value & Low speed

For high-value #XRP TX where speed is unimportant, one may utilize #escrows, which are well-known owing to @Ripple's significant usage of them.

The following conditions apply:
• Time-based
• "crypto-conditions"

🔗 datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft…
[16/17] ☑️ As you can see, there are numerous methods to scale up and out, including adding #servers, boosting #CPU power, adding #sidechains, or leveraging #XRPL features such as #escrows and #payment-channels to meet transaction demand without overburdening the #XRPLedger. Source: https://res.cloudinary.com/practicaldev/image/fetch/
[17/17] Thank you to everyone who took the time to read this lengthy topic ❤️

If you enjoyed the thread, please follow me:
@krippenreiter

Please feel free to contribute by sharing here 👇
@WKahneman @digitalassetbuy @Fame21Moore @sentosumosaba @BCBacker @XRPcryptowolf @X__Anderson @stedas 👋
— My most recent article [🧵] explores #XRPL's scalability options and approaches to meet global demand if necessary by growing horizontally and vertically with ease.

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More from @krippenreiter

Dec 27
@Michael30339531 @sentosumosaba @ConsenSys @stedas @Ripple 1/ As things currently stand, no obvious winner has been elected.

However, the following should be noted:
• The majority of BIS research initiatives allude to a future DLT architecture.
. . .
@Michael30339531 @sentosumosaba @ConsenSys @stedas @Ripple 2/ . . .

• Prefunding (nostro/vostro) may only be handled by utilizing a decentralized trustless blockchain such as #XRP (used by Ripple), #XDC (used by XinFin/R3), #ETH (used by ConsenSys), or #XLM (used by Stellar)
. . .
@Michael30339531 @sentosumosaba @ConsenSys @stedas @Ripple 3/ . . .

• In my perspective, numerous #RTGS (such as #RippleNet) will compete and eventually be compatible with one another.
. . .
Read 6 tweets
Dec 25
@sentosumosaba 1/🧵 I'm not sure if the news is worrisome in any form.
In fact, you are accurate (as always 😉) that the #XRPL will not possess ALL THE MONEY, but it will be #interoperable with and #interconnected to ALL THE MONEY.

Here's some background: 👇
@sentosumosaba 2/ #Partior is built on the private #permissioned #Ethereum-based @ConsenSys #Quorum #blockchain, which contributes to fragmentation rather than consolidation.
. . .
@sentosumosaba @ConsenSys 3/ . . .

For this reason alone, it is far inferior to payment settlement alternatives such as #ILP+#XRPL, which are open and #interoperability friendly. Source: https://consensys.n...
Read 15 tweets
Dec 24
1/ Simple $SGB / $FLR use-case that does not yet exist and might make use of api-portal.flare.network/apis (No node is required):

1⃣ Build code that keeps track of your pending claim (GET via #API).

2⃣ Allow it to check the #FtsoRewardManager balances as well (GET via #API).
. . .
2/ . . .

3⃣ Send an e-mail or push notification / messenger app / #dApp notification when the balance is too low to claim, and again when it is refilled
3⃣•1⃣ Provide a time estimate for when the smart-contract balance could be empty again
. . .
3/ . . .

4⃣ Send reminders about the expiration date and the time remaining to claim it (GET via #API)

👉 In conclusion:
• Make it more intuitive (#UX) for individuals to comprehend when to be active and when it's a waste of time
. . .
Read 7 tweets
Dec 19
[1/🧵] @Ripple's Green ♻️ Agenda 2030 — Part 1/2

@Ripple as a significant actor in the achievement of the most critical goal of:
🌱 „Goal 13 Climate Action“

In part 1 of this series, I will break it ALL down for you in regards to #Ripple 🧵👇 Source: https://www.startpage.com/av/proxy-image?piurl=https
[2/33] ⚠️ IMPORTANT NOTICE!

This is typically a heated topic. That is why I will do my best to be neutral, clear, and factual. Expect no guesstimates or personal opinions on this subject.

Everything is stated exactly as it is! Source: https://www.asap.nl/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Discl
[3/33] Before I get any farther into the intricacies of #Ripple, we must first build the groundwork:

❓ What is the primary goal ❓
The purpose is to combat #climate change by enacting the "Paris Agreement" and meeting the "#UN Sustainable Development Goals [13]." Source: https://www.startpage.com/av/proxy-image?piurl=https
Read 35 tweets
Dec 17
@bob_way 1/ First and probably most important, I want to express my appreciation.

Talking about #anonymity and #privacy appears to be becoming increasingly frowned upon. Seeing your open and refreshing ideas on the subject definitely helped me open my eyes even further.
. . .
@bob_way 2/ . . .
As you have already indicated, we must first educate people on the distinction between #anonymity and #privacy.

Most individuals do not fully comprehend #cash and the challenges surrounding its "disposal".
. . .
@bob_way 3/ . . .
As you pointed out, we do not have #anonymity when purchasing a beer in a bar, but because the cashier will only print a receipt and will not send any personal informations about my nightly activities back to the government or any other company,
. . .
Read 10 tweets
Dec 12
[1/7] I was curious why no one had raised this question sooner. 🧐

The reason for this high figure is that additional #XRP were generated out of thin air.

JUST KIDDING! 😉
The reasons are as follows: 🧵👇
[2/7] ❗️ What you're seeing is a "drop".

1 #XRP is represented as 1,000,000 drops in #XRPL terms or technical contexts such as the #rippled #APIs response we received from the reporting server.
[3/7] Think about "drops" in the same manner that you think of #SATs.

It is, in reality, the smallest technical unit utilized for exact measurements.

⚠️ As an example:
1 #Satoshi (#SATs) = 0.00000001 #Bitcoin
1 #Drop (#drop of XRP) = 0.000001 #XRP
Read 8 tweets

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