Possible, but probably not. This issue was discussed at length circa 2009, when the House passed a cap-and-trade bill (which died in the Senate). It was clear that carbon pricing couldn't work without carbon tariffs 1/
But it seemed likely that carbon pricing could be presented as a tax on *consumption* of carbon — in which case a tax on the carbon content of imports would be non-discriminatory and WTO legal, just as tariffs that go along with a VAT are OK 2/
If all that is too YHTMAAAIYP (you have too many acronyms and abbreviations in your paper), the short of it is that a country that takes serious action on emissions is surely entitled to limit imports whose production also generates emissions. 3/
So climate-related tariffs wouldn't be anything like Trump-type protection, morally, politically, or legally 4/
