Discover and read the best of Twitter Threads about #metabolicsyndrome
Most recents (24)
In this one, acute exposure to simulated high (~2500m) or very high (~4000m) altitude prior to an OGTT did not appear to influence glucose homeostasis, insulin sensitivity, markers of oxidative stress or inflammation, in males with overweight with a men age of 32 years. 
- Previous research has shown that ≤60 min hypoxic exposure improves subsequent glycaemic control, but the optimal level of hypoxia is unknown and data are lacking from individuals with overweight.
- This study tried to examine the short-term effects of different levels of acute hypoxia on glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, markers of inflammation and oxidative stress and feasibility in males with overweight, a group predisposed to impaired glucose homeostasis.
In this nationally representative sample of US youths at higher risk for type 2 diabetes due to elevated BMI, risk perception and risk awareness were not found associated with greater engagement in diabetes risk-reducing behaviors.
- Instead, greater diabetes risk perception was associated with more time spent watching TV and fewer days of adequate physical activity, whereas awareness was not associated with reported health behaviors.
- Some health care access barriers, including measures of economic disadvantage, were associated with adverse patterns of health behaviors such as lower levels of physical activity.
In this one, obesity, but not overweight, was associated with a higher risk of death from middle to older age, irrespective of the adiposity index used, suggesting that obesity should be prevented across the lifespan, including in individuals up to 85 years of age.
- Lower risk of mortality in older participants with overweight compared with normal weight when adiposity was assessed by the fat mass index was observed.
- However, the magnitude of this association was small and probably not clinically meaningful.
The findings of this one suggest a possible defect in the transfer of PUFA from peripheral tissues to the liver in NAFLD, with HDL composition being tightly connected to the rewiring of hepatic PUFA composition that occurs in NAFLD.
- NAFLD was characterised by a depletion in phospholipids (phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, phosphatidylglycerols and sphingomyelins) specifically driven by their PUFA fraction.
- NAFLD patients had higher saturated and lower polyunsaturated FFAs.
The findings of this one suggest that the glycaemic load of a meal is not a major determinant of postprandial response, with a greater impact exerted by the metabolic health of the individual.
- The aim of this study was to perform an acute cross-over intervention to examine the interactive actions of meal glycaemic load on the dynamic responses of the plasma metabolome in overweight females.
- Postmenopausal women with a mean age of 63 yeras ingested two differing high-carbohydrate test meals (73 g carbohydrate; 51% energy) composed of either low glycemic index or high glycemic index foods in a randomised sequence.
Using data from 4 different cohorts, this one found positive associations between sugar-sweetened beverages & low/no-calorie beverages intake and NAFLD, as assessed using the Fatty Liver Index (FLI) (≥60).
- The study used data from 42,024 participants from the Lifelines Cohort study (Lifelines; The Netherlands), the Nutrition Questionnaire Plus study (NQPlus; The Netherlands), the PREDIMED-Plus study (PREDIMED-Plus; Spain), and the Alpha Omega Cohort (AOC; The Netherlands).
- Harmonized data analyses of showed positive associations between sugar-sweetened beverages & low/no-calorie beverages intake intakes and FLI-defined NAFLD prevalence.
This one failed to find an effect of long-term (24 weeks) daily administration of intranasal insulin at 40IU once daily on food intake, appetite, and weight in older adults with a mean age of 65.5 years, either with or without type 2 diabetes.
- A null effect of 24 weeks daily administration of 40 I.U. of intranasal insulin once daily on food intake, appetite, and weight in older adults was observed.
- Similarly, there were no differences in the effect of intranasal insulin when comparing men to women, obese to lean participants, and diagnosis of type 2 diabetes.
Here, high intakes of sugar sweetened beverages were associated with higher all cause mortality, cardiovascular disease incidence and mortality, while intakes of coffee, tea, water and low fat milk were inversely associated with all cause mortality in adults with type 2 diabetes.
- This study prospectively investigated individual beverage consumption after a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus, as well as changes in individual beverage consumption before and after the diagnosis, in relation to subsequent risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality...
...among adults with type 2 diabetes participating in the Nurses’ Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-Up Study in the United States.
The findings of this one suggest that the dietary management of patients with diabetes is deteriorating in tandem with the rise in diabetes prevalence in the US, and that a heathy dietary pattern may be inversely associated with all-cause and heart diseases mortality.
- This study examined the prevalence of diabetes in the general US population, both diagnosed and undiagnosed, as well as the trends in dietary patterns by diabetes diagnoses over the previous decades...
...while investigating the connection between dietary patterns and long-term mortality.
In this one, dynapenic abdominal obesity was found associated with 1.47 times higher odds for falls after a 2-year follow-up in Irish individuals with a mean age of 63.2 years.
- Interestingly, dynapenia alone or abdominal obesity alone were not statistically significantly associated with higher odds for falls.
- These findings suggest that dynapenia and abdominal obesity additively influence risk for falls in older individuals.
The findings of this one may suggest that both individuals with very low and very high levels of circulating IGF-1 may be at an increased risk of cancer mortality, cardiovascular mortality and all-cause mortality.
- Circulating levels IGF-1 exhibited a U-shaped relationship with all-cause, cancer and cardiovascular mortality.
- For cardiovascular mortality, the U-shaped relationship was stronger in men and in participants who were older than 55 years at baseline.
This one suggests that low circulating adiponectin is a key damaging element for β-cells.
- Diluted plasma from human donors with obesity acutely impaired β-cell integrity and insulin secretion relative to plasma from lean subjects.
- Similar results were observed with diluted sera from obese rats fed ad libitum, when compared to sera from lean, calorically restricted, animals.
The findings of this one suggest that about 70% of new type 2 diabetes cases globally were attributable to suboptimal intake of 11 dietary factors in 2018.
Namely: insufficient intake of whole grains, yogurt, fruit, nuts & seeds, and non-starchy vegetables and excess intake of refined rice, refined wheat, processed meats, unprocessed red meat, sugar-sweetened beverages, potatoes and fruit juice.
- Excess intake of harmful dietary factors appeared to contribute to a greater percentage of this burden globally than did insufficient intake of protective dietary factors.
In this one, despite a heavy burden of cardiometabolic health, all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease & cancer morbidity and mortality rates were lower in Iraqi-born immigrants compared to native-born Swedes.
- Continuing the conundrum of metabolic phenotypes and the healthy migrant effect, this one aimed to study the impact of Middle Eastern and European ethnicity...
...on all-cause, cancer- & cardiovascular disease-related mortality and incidence of cancer & cardiovascular disease in an eight-year follow-up study.
This one found higher dietary intakes of total aromatic amino acids (tyrosine, phenylalanine, tryptophan) to be associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in US adults.
- After multivariate adjustment, a higher dietary intake of aromatic amino acids (tyrosine, phenylalanine and tryptophan, or total intake) was associated with a decreased risk of cardiovascular disease mortality.
- When assessed as a continuous variable, each 1 SD increase in the dietary total aromatic amino acids, tyrosine, phenylalanine, or tryptophan intake was associated with a 15%, 15%, 16%, and 15% decrease, respectively, in the risk of cardiovascular disease mortality.
The findings of this study in a rodent model that permits some separation of the effects of a Western, obesogenic-type diet and obesity on glucose homeostasis, suggests that impairments in glucose homeostasis are largely driven by ectopic fat storage.
- Voles are small, non-hibernating rodents that have an annual cycle of body weight change that reflects large changes in their levels of adiposity.
Interestingly, this state can be induced by manipulations of photoperiod, independent of the diet.
This systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that patients with a cancer diagnosis are markedly insulin resistant.
- The objective of the investigation was to determine insulin resistance in patients with cancer.
To achieve that, a systematic review and a meta-analysis of studies assessing insulin sensitivity in patients with cancer using the gold-standard hyperinsulinemic–euglycemic clamp method was performed.
In this one, NAFLD, as assessed by the fatty liver index (FLI), was found associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes in Japanese adults.
* LP (linear predictor) = 0.953*ln[triglycerides (mg/dL)] + 0.139 * BMI (kg/m2) + 0.718*ln[GGT (IU/L)] + 0.053 * waist circumference (cm) - 15.745
* FLI = [e^LP/(1 + e^LP)] * 100
* FLI = [e^LP/(1 + e^LP)] * 100
- The FLI was positively associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes.
Here, metabolic syndrome was found associated with elevated long term mortality risk in patients with or without obesity, and obesity was found associated with increased mortality risk even in individuals with metabolically healthy obesity, shedding doubt on the obesity paradox.
- The study aimed to evaluate the association between metabolic syndrome and long-term all-cause mortality.
- The LIPIDOGRAM studies were carried out in the primary care in Poland in 2004, 2006 and 2015.
In this one, visceral adiposity index (VAI), a simple alternative indicator of visceral obesity, was associated with risk of incident heart failure in individuals aged 54.1 years during a median follow-up of 22.5 years.
* VAI = (WC/(39.68 + 1.88 × BMI)) × (TG/1.03) × (1.31/HDL) for men.
* VAI = (WC/(36.58 + 1.89 × BMI)) × (TG/0.81) × (1.52/HDL) for women.
* VAI = (WC/(36.58 + 1.89 × BMI)) × (TG/0.81) × (1.52/HDL) for women.
- Baseline VAI was independently associated with risk of incident heart failure, but only with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, but not with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.
Interestingly, using NMR spectroscopy, this one suggests that newly manifest type 2 diabetes-associated dyslipoproteinemia does not significantly change the total concentrations of the lipoproteins produced in the liver, but selectively their subclass distributions.
- In the present study, German long time blood donors that were assumed to be healthy according to the rules applying for blood donors were examined.
Impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance or manifest type 2 diabetes were not known for this group before they were included in this study.
In this one, a hypocaloric ketogenic diet was effective at reducing diurnal glucose compared to a low-fat diet independent of weight loss, with exogenous ketone salts ingestion during the first condition not only augmenting ketonemia, but further decreasing mean fasting glucose.
- The primary objective of this study was to determine how supplementing a ketogenic diet twice daily with a ketogenic salt (12g βHB per serving) affected measures of fasting and diurnal ketonemia and glycemia in overweight adults during 6 weeks of controlled hypocaloric feeding
- Participants were randomized to two controlled diets: ketogenic diet + twice-daily ketone salt supplementation or ketogenic diet + calorie-free, flavor-matched placebo.
Contrary to other studies, in this Spanish population with high cardiovascular risk, higher cardiovascular health score using the American Heart Association's Life’s Simple 7 metrics was associated with a decreased risk of incident atrial fibrillation in lean individuals only.
- The American Heart Association’s Life’s Simple 7 health score consists of 7 modifiable metrics: physical activity, diet, smoking status, BMI, systolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, and cholesterol.
This one discovered three discrete hyperuricemia trajectories over a 5-year span and found that those in the hyperuricemia high-increasing pattern, as compared with those in the low-stable pattern, were at an increased risk of diabetes.
- According to the characteristics of their hyperuricemia status changes during this 5-year exposure period, subjects were divided into three different hyperuricemia trajectory groups:
The “low-stable” trajectory, the “moderate-stable” trajectory and the “high-increasing” trajectory.
