Perhaps user-centered design is a decision making process (superior to many others) but it's still inextricable from its artifacts in a way that others aren't.
I think that's what really lies at the core of design's power - the design artifact may be documentation, but it is much better at influencing at scale.
In an ideal world, artifacts are minimal.
"We already built it, we can't change it now"
"There's no room for this on the roadmap"
"This design is too much work, cut the scope"
These are symptoms of decisions being made without research, because design is seen as "frosting" and not "cake"
Design that is visibly backed by research is much more resilient than HIPPO-style direction in turbulent situations.