Ahmedya movement, esp under its its 2nd "khalifah", Mirza Basheer-ud-Din Mahmood Ahmad, were key-conspirators in the evolution of the Anglo-Mullah strategy against subcontinent's Hindus/Sikhs starting with the Kashmir jihadi riots of 1931. There were three identifiable stages.
In phase 1, Mahmud Ahmad, was funding, providing/nurturing organizational infra through the All India Kashmir Committee(AIKC) that used the 1931 alleged disciplinary action by a "Hindu" head constable on a Muslim subordinate for not rolling up bed in morning as per rule.
(src IORR /l/1/2154 Report of the Srinagar Riot Enquiry Committee, 24 Sept/1931). Same time Ahrar sprouted out of dissident INC members who explicitly wanted violent/jihadi overthrow of "darbar" - rule of Hindu Dogras. Recruitment of Shaykh Abdullah occurs in this phase too.
Dost Muhammad Shahid (Tankh-i Ahmadiyya, Vol.5) claims Abdullah was smuggled out of Kashmir to meet Mahmud, where agreements for a monthly funds transfer (238 Rs) to run an office in Srinagar were made. Mahmud apparently also proposed & funded Abdullah's newsletter Islah.
Mahmud established a "Kashmir Relief Fund" as a mandatory charitable "donation" levied on every earning Ahmadi (at least one pai (1/192 of a rupee), on every rupee earned) per month, which the Ahmedya Jamaat continued to collect long after the riots.
Phase 2: continued support and using British fora for "Muslim independence". AIKC brought together both Iqbal, the passionate poet of "Islamic" assertion, and Mian Fazl-i Husain’s who was linked to the Lahori faction's (yep: Ahmedias split too into two) Maulana Muhammad Ali.
Fazl-i-Husain's great contribution was mentoring the Chaudhry Muhammad Zafrulla Khan, a dedicated Ahmedya inducted by Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, (the founder and Mahmud's dad), himself. From 1930 to 1932 Zafrulla participated in all three of the Round Table Conferences in London.
In December 1931 Zafrulla was elected president of the All-India Muslim League& continued as president until June 1932 when he resigned to take up position as replacement on Viceroy's council on recommendation of Fazl-i Husain (who took a leave of absence on health grounds).
the first Partition plan creating an "independent Islamic state" was to be apparently drawn up later by Zafarulla, on encouragement (or mutual eagerness) by the Brit side. Note that Lahori-Qadiani divide didnt come in the way of making common cause ag "Hindu India".
Phase 3: transfer of base to Pakistan, while ordering 313 (ref to claimed 313 companions of the founder of Islam in skirmish of Badr) Ahmedias to stay back in Qadian (Ghulam Ahmad's claim of that being Ahmedia khilafat's spiritual homeland. Creation of jihadi brigade for Kashmir.
Mahmud purchased a plot from Pak gov, on the west bank of the Chenab opposite Chiniot village, &founded a new village called Rabwah, [refto claimed hillside described in Quran (23:50) where Islam's "God" gave Jesus& Mary refuge] (Yohanan Friedmann, Prophecy Continuous, p. 39)
The significance here is that Ahmedya's 2nd caliph, actually saw Qadian - on Indian side, as embattled Badr like holding post, while he saw "refuge/Rabwah" on the Pakistan side. But more importantly, right after arrival in Pak, 1947, Mahmud called for violent jihad ag Kashmir.
Mahmud called a council (shura) of his top advisers &informed them that his dad's promised "messiah’s" era for suspending violent jihad (yaz'a al-harb) was coming to an end& Ahmedyas should start preparing for a violent jihad (jihad bi'l-sayf) [Tankh-i Ahmadiyya, Vol. 5, p. 699]
[IOR L/PJ/7/12415 letter to Under Secretary of State, Colonial Office (3/10/47), notes press reports of large amounts of illegal weapons& ammunition stockpiled in Qadian, citing HindustanTimes (18/9/47). As expected it dismisses the info, since it goes ag a faithful player.]
Mahmud organized in June 1948, the "Furqan Battalion" and set up camp on the Kashmiri "border" with the permission of the Deputy Commissioner of Sialkot. Later Mahmud Ahmad’s son and future successor, Mirza Nasir Ahmad took up "command" of an expanded version.
Pak C-in-C Sir Douglas Gracey wrote: "Your Battalion was composed entirely of volunteers who came from all walks of life, young peasants, students, teachers,men in business; they were all embued [!] with the spirit of service for Pakistan; you accepted no remuneration,.."
"and no publicity for the self sacrifice for which you all volunteered... In Kashmir you were allotted an important sector, and very soon you justified the reliance placed on you and you nobly acquitted yourself in battle against heavy enemy ground and air attacks..."
After all this why cant Pak remain "Rabwah/refuge"& why does one need to flee to such an alleged land of persecution on Muslims -which in contrast to Pak "Rabwah" was like the field of Badr? a land for which Ghulam Ahmad's delegitimization of violent jihad ag Brit, didnt apply?
