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From the CDC on hand sanitizer: cdc.gov/handwashing/sh…
Alcohol based hand sanitizers can be very effective against alcohol sensitive germs.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10228259

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10772215

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19115974

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21219752
However, they don't kill many things like C dificile and Noro

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21411187

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19715426
They also lose effectiveness in comparison to water/soap when hands are dirty as well as contaminated.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21219730

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21976190
But, in situations where water is highly restricted, can be better than soap alone

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20134005
To be effective, they must have 60%-90% alcohol

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15489352
You have to use them right (enough, rubbed all over your hands, until they're dry) or they aren't effective

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P…
Make sure your hands are dry before touching other stuff as some sanitizers can increase passage of things like BPA and insecticides into your system.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P…

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P…
In short: If you CAN'T access a sink, or water, hand sanitizer is WAY better than nothing. But it has limitations!

If you CAN, then wash your hands WITH soap and water.
(there's a ton of lists of 20 second things to sing/say, my favorite is the Star Trek Next Gen intro)
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