"Weโve closely followed #corporate consolidation of food production, processing and distribution in the U.S. over the past 40 years. In our view, this process is making #food less available or affordable for many Americans," say Hendrickson & Howard. /2
"Consolidation has placed key decisions about our nationโs #foodsystem in the hands of a few large companies, giving them outsized influence to #lobby policymakers, direct food and industry #research and influence #media coverage." /3
"Industry consolidation is hard to track. Subsidiary firms often controlled by 1 parent corp. & engage in โcontract packing,โ where a single processing plant produces identical foods then sold under dozens of different brands โ incl. labels that compete against each other." /4
"As #unemployment has risen during #pandemic, so has no. of hungry Americans. Feeding America estimates that up to 50 million people โincl. 17 million childrenโ may currently be experiencing food insecurity. In ๐บ๐ธ demand at food banks grew by over 48% during 1st half of 2020." /5
"Disruptions in food supply chains forced #farmers to dump milk down the drain, leave produce rotting in fields & euthanize livestock that could not be processed. Estimate that March-May 2020, farmers disposed of somewhere between 300,000 and 800,000 hogs & 2 million chickens" /6
๐ "What role does concentration play in this situation? Research shows that #retail concentration correlates with higher #prices for consumers ๐ต It also shows that when #foodsystems have fewer production and processing sites, disruptions can have major impacts on supply." /7
"Consolidation makes it easier for industry to maintain high prices. With few players, companies simply match each otherโs price increases rather than competing. Concentration in the US #food system has raised the costs of everything from breakfast #cereal & #coffee to #beer." /8
"As the pandemic roiled the ๐บ๐ธ #foodsystem through 2020, consumer food costs rose by 3.4%, compared to 0.4% in 2018 & 0.9% in 2019. We expect retail prices to remain high because they are โsticky,โ w/ tendency to increase rapidly but to decline more slowly & only partially." /9
For Prof. Howard & @hendricksonm, "A resilient food system that feeds everyone can be achieved only through a more equitable distribution of #power. This in turn requires action in areas ranging from contract law & #antitrust policy to workersโ rights & economic development." /10
๐ก #DYK? IPES-Food & Prof. Howard have already produced a key report on what's needed for more #resilient food systems.
๐ 'Too big to feed: Exploring the impacts of mega-mergers, consolidation & concentration of power in the #agrifood sector'
For Professors Hendrickson & Howard, "the goal should be to produce more locally sourced #food with shorter and less-centralized supply chains. #Detroit offers an example. Over the past 50 years, food producers there have established more than 1,900 #urbanfarms & #gardens." /12
"The ๐บ๐ธ federal gov. can help by adapting #farm support programs to target farms & businesses that serve local & regional markets. State & federal incentives can build #community- or #cooperative-owned farms & processing & distribution businesses." = More resilient #foodsystemโ๏ธ
๐ฝ๏ธ@UN Special Rapporteur on the Right to #Food, @MichaelFakhri, delivers a special video message ahead of our #CFS47 side event tomorrow:
๐ก Global Response to #COVID19#Hunger Crisis: Developing Effective Policy Responses through the @UN_CFS [๐งตthread]
"COVID19 has not only been a public health crisis, but it has also generated a hunger crisis. The virus is new, but it has been predictably harshest on marginalised people. In fact, the world was falling behind on realising the right to food even before the current pandemic." /2
"Even with new vaccines, it will be some time before the global #health situation stabilises & it will be at least a decade before the world recovers economically. Meanwhile, Member States and international orgs have not yet come together to tackle the looming hunger crisis." /3
In IPES-Food's latest report, 'The Added Value(s) of #Agroecology', we focused on a series of obstacles that prevent the transition to agroecological #foodsystems.
๐ฑ One such obstacle is the *access to #seeds & #organic inputs*. Here's a quick thread on why this matters! ๐๐ฟ
/1
#Farmer seed systems - through which farmers select, multiply, conserve & exchange a wide range of reproducible varieties - are an essential component of #agroecology, which relies on diversity at all levels (including crop genetic diversity). ๐ฑ๐ฟ๐พ
/2
#DidYouKnow that these systems account for up to 90% of the seeds used in some African countries? And in #Mali, peasant seed systems make up 75% of the varieties grown in the country.
โ๏ธ However, these systems are lacking in legal recognition and policy support โ๏ธ
/3
Calls for a "National Food Policy" have been made for decades - with quite some resurgence in the past few years.
So, rooted in existing efforts & movement building, IPES-Foodโs #US team is gearing up for more discussions.
/1
We're collectively developing a process through which policy makers, the private sector, researchers, tribal nations and civil society might align their efforts to make a sustainable US food system a reality. The aim? ...
/2
... Develop a shared understanding of US food & #agriculture policy landscape; build on organizational successes in bringing about #foodsystems change; identify opportunities to reform 2023 #FarmBill; & work towards #regenerative, #sustainable, & equitable food system.
/3
After access to finance, another big obstacle to agroecology is *ACCESS TO #LAND & #WATER* ๐ณ๐ฐ
๐ฐThis month we published 'The Added Value(s) of #Agroecology: Unlocking the potential for transition in West #Africa'
๐ The research shows why land & water are fundamental ๐๐ฟ
/1
Rapid #population growth, urban sprawl, and land grabbing have created unprecedented pressures on #land and #water resources in West #Africa. Moreover, land laws, often rooted in the colonial era, have generally failed to protect customary tenure and land use.
/2
In fact, between 2000 & 2012, some 3 million hectares of land were subject to large-scale #land acquisitions across nine West African countries.
๐In #Senegal alone, 650,000+ ha were granted to investors between 2007 & 2016 โ equivalent to 16% of the country's arable landโ๏ธ
/3
"In the name of economic growth, we've sacrificed #ecosystems, and we've exhausted the women and men in the economy, by subjecting them to huge pressure from the #globalisation of competition and the deregulation of labour markets." - IPES-Food's Olivier De Schutter @DeSchutterO
"We must think of a different kind of #development: one that does not see economic growth as a precondition for everything else," IPES-Food co-chair @DeSchutterO tells @thinink.
Olivier De Schutter, also @UN Special Rapporteur on extreme #poverty and human rights:
"After some (minor) progress, with absolute numbers of people suffering from #hunger going down from 925 million in the early 1990s to 820 million in 2018, the numbers are going up again."
Agroecological systems require little investment in external inputs and heavy machinery, as a result of drawing on natural synergies, maximizing #biodiversity, and using locally-available resources.
This makes #agroecology less costly than agro-industrial practices over the medium to long-term, and thus better suited to the economic realities of rural West #Africa