@jenbrea Hey! Yes several people spoke on that topic at the recent #ILADs conference I was at 👉 and remember this case history which found that a woman treated w/ antibiotics to target persistent #Bartonella had substantial improvement in EDS symptoms: ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P…
@jenbrea 2/2 As for #mast cell activation in response to persistent #pathogens...there is extensive literature on how a range of bacterial, viral and fungal pathogens can drive #MCAS-like symptoms 👉 for example: ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P…
@jenbrea 3/3 There is even a receptor common in #connective tissue who’s activity controls mast cell activation in response to bacterial signaling molecules that drive #biofilm formation: ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/31278… 
@jenbrea 4/4 Similarly, this other team found that, in the lab, quorum sensing peptides that #bacteria use to form into #biofilms can activate human mast cells (causing them to release histamine, cytokines etc): stke.sciencemag.org/content/12/594…
@jenbrea 5/5 When it comes to the #pathogens that drive these processes 👉 it’s key to understand that many different pathogens have evolved to dysregulate human cells/#tissue types/pathways in similar ways (there is functional redundancy in their activity)
@jenbrea 6/6 For example this paper found that all these pathogens 👉 Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas, Salmonella, Yersinia, Treponema, Mycobacterium, Trypanosoma, Trichomonas, papilloma #virus etc..can all degrade collagen via a similar mechanism: ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/22537…
@jenbrea 7/7 What that means is that, if persistent #infection is involved in a #disease state 👉 no two #patients w/ the same diagnosis or cluster of symptoms have to have the same exact #pathogens and/or groups of pathogens for a similar disease state or structual issue to occur
@jenbrea 8/8 Also different pathogens/#environmental exposures can support each other to drive common symptoms 👉 For example #herpesviruses can directly infect brainstem (jvi.asm.org/content/93/8/e…) and certain fungi/mold can create enzymes that degrade collagen (ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P…)
@jenbrea 9/9 So a person who sustained both those shared #infections/exposures could be even more likely to develop something like #CCI 👉 Add in a head #injury or other stressful event that can compromise the immune response/brain function and you could exacerbate the issue even further
@jenbrea 10/10 BUT a different patient could have an #enterovirus infection of the brainstem (ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/29899…) and also suffer from gut microbiome dysbiosis that promotes mast cell activation (ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/30411…) 👉 That person might also trend towards CCI-like issues...
@jenbrea 11/11 Last, but not least, every person’s human #genes have variants that can sometimes predispose/promote infectious/structural issues 👉 @krisfobes studies these which is why we’re now working together☝️ok that’s enough for today 😅, hope people can follow me somewhat:)
