@TheWireScience

@TheWireScience

Vipin M. Vashishtha

@vipintukur

#Omicron features 50 mutations, with 15 mutations in the #RBD of the spike protein, which binds to the human #ACE2 for viral entry. However, it is not completely understood how these mutations alter the interaction and binding strength between the Omicron RBD and ACE2 1/

A new study by adopting a combined steered molecular dynamics (SMD) simulation and experimental microscale thermophoresis (MST) approach tried to quantify the interaction between Omicron RBD & ACE2. 2/

And what did they find?

Omicron brings an enhanced RBD-ACE2 interface through N501Y, Q493K/R, & T478K mutations; the changes further lead to unique interaction patterns, reminiscing the features of previously dominated variants, Alpha (N501Y) & Delta (L452R and T478K). 3/

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me64 陳美滿

@mega_pindang71

Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 Receptors Expression in Primary Endothelial Cells and Retinoic Acid-Differentiated Human Neuronal Cells
#TMPRSS2 #NRP1 #ACE2 levels increase when cells are treated with #retinoicacid (RA).
#ACE2 and #TMPRSS2 expression in subsets of lung epithelial cells

are regulated by androgen-signaling. #NRP1 is highly expressed in the respiratory and olfactory epithelium, which can explain the SC2 infectivity and spreading through both the lungs and olfactory bulb. NRP1 is involved in axonal guidance and pruning. Data indicate that

pseudoviral entry is aligned with the expression of NRP1 levels. This seems to substantiate the previous observations showing that NRP1 plays a major role for SARS-CoV-2 entry in certain cell types. Here, the study demonstrated higher expression of both NRP1 and TMPRSS2,

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me64 陳美滿

@mega_pindang71

Potential Cause of COVID-19 ‘Long-haulers’ : antibodies specific for ACE2.

#ACE2
#LongCovid

"The antibody creates problems for the immune system by attacking the ACE2"

news.uams.edu/2021/09/09/uam…

"Patients with ACE2 antibodies have lower activity of soluble ACE2 in plasma. Plasma from these patients also inhibits exogenous ACE2 activity. ...

journals.plos.org/plosone/articl…

These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that ACE2 antibodies develop after SARS-CoV-2 infection and decrease ACE2 activity. This could lead to an increase in the abundance of Ang II, which

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Lars Fischer

@Fischblog

Wie #covid19 (vermutlich) impotent macht.

Sorry dass ich euch schon wieder damit behelligen muss, aber #Lümmelcovid ist dank Metal-Senior Bruce D. in den Medien, und so langsam sollte man das als reale Möglichkeit ernst nehmen.

Was steckt dahinter?
1/17
nme.com/news/music/iro…

Tatsächlich gibt es verschiedene Wege, auf denen Sars-CoV-2 die Erektion beeinträchtigen kann:
- Testosteronmangel
- Störung der Blutgerinnung
- Fehlregulation von Zellrezeptoren
- Infektion des Blutgefäßepithels
- psychische/sensorische Folgen der Krankheit
2/17

Bisher ist nicht klar, ob #Covid19 Erektionsstörungen wirklich häufiger macht. Das Problem ist, dass sexuelle Probleme allgemein schwer zu erforschen sind, weil Leute nicht gern drüber reden.
Die bisherige Studienlage hatte ich hier zusammengefasst:
3/17
scilogs.spektrum.de/fischblog/unfr…

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Vipin M. Vashishtha

@vipintukur

Will the newly identified sub-lineages of #Delta may initiate a new wave of #Covid19 in India? What impact the increasing prevalence of the Delta-D clade would have on global #COVID burden?

My write-up deliberating on these issues in @TheWireScience 👇 science.thewire.in/the-sciences/a…

#Delta variant and its extended family: How much do we need to worry?

During the first few months of the #pandemic, the evolution of the virus was relatively predictable, with substitutions accumulating at a fixed pace: 1 substitution every second week 2/

In contrast, the 2nd year of the #pandemic is punctuated by the emergence of several #variants that bore evidence of dramatic evolution 3/

Read 40 tweets

me64 陳美滿

@mega_pindang71

https://twitter.com/cgkrings/status/1424952985159880724

The receptors involved in SARS-CoV-2 infection are co-expressed in the cells of the NVU, especially in astrocytes and microglial cells. These receptors are functionally active as exposure of endothelial cells to the SARS CoV-2 S1 protein subunit ..
#HIV
#ACE2
#brain

https://twitter.com/cgkrings/status/1424952985159880724

altered the expression pattern of tight junction proteins, such as claudin-5 and ZO-1. Additionally, HIV-1 infection upregulated ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expression in brain astrocytes and microglia cells.
#astrocytes
#microglia
#brain

SC2 in BBB mechanism.

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Vipin M. Vashishtha

@vipintukur

Do children produce different types of #antibodies(Abs) against #SARSCoV2 than adults? 1/

Yes, children mostly produced Abs aimed at #Spike protein, which the virus uses to enter cells. Adults generate similar Abs, but also develop Abs against the #Nucleocapsid protein, which is essential for viral replication 2/

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33154590/

#Nucleocapsid protein is typically released in significant quantities only when a virus is widespread in the body.
What does it mean? The kids lacked nucleocapsid-specific Abs, which suggests that they aren’t experiencing widespread infection. 3/

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Vipin M. Vashishtha

@vipintukur

Can a respiratory #virus infection confer #immunity against the other #respiratory virus? A much-debated issue in the virus immunology for many decades. What is the probable immune mechanism & does it indeed exist? What is the evidence for & against this hypothesis? 1/

It is hypothesized that a respiratory virus infection confers immunity against the same and other respiratory viruses for a short time, perhaps a few weeks. This immunologic mechanism, known as #heterosubtypic ‘temporary non-specific immunity’ 2/

This immune protection is associated with activation of the innate immune response to viral infection mediated by the release of Type I #interferons (IFN) & other cytokines that have broad protective effects against a range of viruses 3/

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Medical Science and Technology #earlytreatments

@MedicalScitech

A metal ion orients SARS-CoV-2 mRNA to ensure accurate 2′-O methylation of its first nucleotide
» doi.org/10.1038/s41467…
The #SARSCoV2 #coronavirus is able to utilize the changes in metal ion concentrations to disguise itself in the human host body thus evading immune responses.

Efficacy of #clarithromycin on #COVID19 pneumonia without oxygen administration; protocol for multicenter, open-label, randomized-controlled, 3-armed parallel group comparison, exploratory trial #CAMECOVID
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Japan Registry of Clinical Trials jRCTs071210011

The influence of #HLA genotype on the severity of #COVID19 infection
» doi.org/10.1111/tan.14…
A genetic link has been discovered explaining why some people catch #Covid but don't get sick. The gene is found three times as often in people who are #asymptomatic.

Read 199 tweets

Vipin M. Vashishtha

@vipintukur

We know that the two Ad-vector based vaccines, #AstraZeneca & #JNJ lead to clot-related complications like cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. We also know these events are referred to as ‘Vaccine induced Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia’ (VITT). But what lead to these complications? 1/

Now a new explanation for VITT seen with vector vaccines. “Vaccine-Induced #Covid19 Mimicry” Syndrome: Splice reactions within the #SARSCoV2 Spike ORF result in ‘Spike protein variants’ that may cause thromboembolic events in patients immunized with vector-based vaccines 2/

These soluble Spike #variants may initiate severe side effects when binding to #ACE2-expressing #endothelial cells in blood vessels 3/

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Medical Science and Technology #earlytreatments

@MedicalScitech

🔝5 Concerns about #SARSCoV2 #Biology: A Call to Pause, Deliberate, and Revise Policy─This review is intended both as a basic resource and to initiate an open and critical dialog about SARS-CoV-2 biology for an independent and public call to action. jjcouey.medium.com/5-concerns-abo…

Structural basis of ribosomal #frameshifting during translation of the #SARSCoV2 #RNA #genome
» doi.org/10.1126/scienc…
A unique feature of the SARS-CoV-2 genome controls protein synthesis and presents an "Achilles heel" of the virus.

Brainstem neuropathology in two cases of #COVID19: #SARSCoV2 trafficking between #brain and #lung
» doi.org/10.1007/s00415…
Neuropathologic evidence strongly suggests that the pathophysiology of COVID-19 related respiratory failure includes a neurogenic component.

Read 213 tweets

Cell

@CellCellPress

@CellPressNews

In the latest issue! Be sure to explore this exciting research about #SARSCoV2 variants and their #escape from #immune response
bit.ly/3e2QxoP

For all @CellPressNews #coronavirus research and commentary, visit cell.com/2019-nCOV
#COVID19
🔽🔽🔽

@UniofOxford

Mutations in the #SARSCoV2 spike #protein result in tighter binding to the #ACE2 receptor and allow escape from monoclonal #antibody neutralization. Online now! @UniofOxford
bit.ly/3nzukSI

The 501Y.V2 #variant of #SARSCoV2 exhibits resistance to neutralization from monoclonal #antibodies and sera from convalescent as well as #immunized individuals
bit.ly/3xxMrNe

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Bert Weingarten

@WeingartenDE

#LongCovid bei Kindern
Eine Zusammenfassung von Studien und Meldungen:
Klinische Merkmale, Aktivitätsniveaus und psychische Gesundheitsprobleme bei #Kindern mit LongCovid

https://twitter.com/WeingartenDE/status/1369759064188715010?s=20

Die bislang umfangreichste Studie über #LongCovid von 510 betroffenen #Kindern: Clinical Characteristics, Activity Levels and Mental Health Problems in #Children with Long COVID: A Survey of 510 Children

https://twitter.com/WeingartenDE/status/1369759064188715010?s=20

#LongCovid in England: Bericht über #Kinder die nach milden COVID-Verläufen unter #Atemnot, #Gelenkschmerzen und #Schwindel leiden. Das chronische Erschöpfungssyndrom ist bei einigen so stark, dass sie auf einen #Rollstuhl angewiesen sind #twlz #kmk
bbc.com/news/uk-englan…

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Bert Weingarten

@WeingartenDE

Infektionsgefahr in #Schulen über belastete #Aerosole
Professor #Kähler schließt sich der #AITAsk Bewertung an:
"#Lüften alleine reicht nicht. Die Schulen wurden ja lange zugemacht, weil es eben nicht reicht". #twlz #kmk #rki
sueddeutsche.de/muenchen/landk…

Schulen sind mittlerweile wieder geöffnet, weitere Jahrgänge sollen folgen, dabei steigen bundesweit die Infektionszahlen. Gleichzeitig breitet sich die Mutante #B117 weiter aus. #Schulen sollen "eher" keine Pandemie-Treiber und dank #AHA+L sicher sein, sagt das #RKI. Stimmt das?

https://twitter.com/WeingartenDE/status/1296033201375318017?s=20

Eine erste Warnung, was ein #Superspreader im #Klassenzimmer bewirken kann und warum #Schulen sehr schnell zu einem Pandemie-Treiber werden können, zeigte das Ergebnis der #AITask-#Modellierung bereits im August 2020: Superspreader Klassenzimmer #twlz #kmk

https://twitter.com/WeingartenDE/status/1296033201375318017?s=20

Read 135 tweets

Medical Science and Technology #earlytreatments

@MedicalScitech

Reducing #COVID19 #Airborne #Transmission Risks on #PublicTransportation Buses
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Wearing of #facemasks reduced the overall particle count released into the bus by an average of 50%, the dispersion distance by several feet and #aerosol particles by 84.36%.

🔝#SARSCoV2 Infects Human Engineered Heart Tissues and Models COVID-19 Myocarditis
» doi.org/10.1016/j.jacb…
#COVID19 can kill heart muscle cells, interfere with contraction. Details of how #coronavirus infects #heart: models of tissue damage may help develop potential therapies.

High-content screening of coronavirus genes for innate immune suppression reveals enhanced potency of SARS-CoV-2 proteins
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
196 protein products of seven coronaviruses: the genes encoded by #SARSCoV2 are generally more potent immune suppressors than others

Read 236 tweets

Medical Science and Technology #earlytreatments

@MedicalScitech

⚠️#Ocular #MRI Findings in Patients with Severe #COVID19: A Retrospective Multicenter Observational Study
» doi.org/10.1148/radiol…
All patients had nodules in the macular region, 8/9 (89%) had bilateral nodules, 2/9 (22%) had nodules outside the macular region. Screening needed.

⚠️🔝New-Onset #IgG #Autoantibodies in Hospitalized Patients with #COVID19
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
An international team of researchers studying COVID-19 has made a startling and pivotal discovery: The virus appears to cause the body to make weapons to attack its own tissues.

⚠️🔝Patterns of myocardial injury in recovered troponin-positive COVID-19 patients assessed by cardiovascular magnetic resonance
» academic.oup.com/eurheartj/adva…
Damage to the heart found in more than half of #COVID19 patients discharged from hospital who show raised levels of troponin.

Read 235 tweets

The Binder Lab

@TheBinderLab

Der Kampf um R– ich möchte einmal versuchen darzustellen, wie bei einer Epi-/#Pandemie letztlich dieser eine Wert „R“ bestimmt, ob und wie sich die Infektion ausbreitet und wie beide Seiten– Mensch *und* Virus– versuchen, R zu ihren jeweiligen Gunsten zu verschieben! #COVID19
1️⃣/

Jeder, der mit dem Virus infiziert kann es theoretisch auf jemand anderen übertragen und damit zur Verbreitung beitragen. Bei wem das zu welchem Zeitpunkt wie wahrscheinlich ist, hängt von vielen Faktoren ab. Ganz klar: die Menge an „lebensfähigem“ Virus in den oberen…
2️⃣/

https://twitter.com/thebinderlab/status/1356963820904869889

Atemwegen ist maßgeblich für die Möglichkeit, jemand anderen anzustecken, was aktuell nun auch in einer großen Studie gezeigt wurde⬇️. Die sog. Viruslast ist bei #SARSCoV2 übrigens bereits kurz (~1d) *vor* Einsetzen der Symptome sehr hoch, wodurch dieser Zeitraum um den…
3️⃣/

https://twitter.com/thebinderlab/status/1356963820904869889

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Occupy Schagen

@OccupySchagen

#Cassandra: #SARS1 bound "Spikes" to Human #ACE2 receptors ONLY. Those are rare in healthy people.

In #SARS2 & #MUTANTS (#COVID19) they now bind ALSO to #Furin receptors, as in #HIV/#AIDS & #Ebola, which makes it 1000 x as #Infectuous:

— RT World News rt.com/news/481837-co…

#Cassandra: January 2020 article:

Uncanny similarity of 4 unique #Inserts in the 2019-nCoV (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein to #HIV1 (AIDS) #Gp120 and #Gag:

->biorxiv.org/content/10.110…

@dimsum

#Cassandra: Article March 2020.

#SARS_CoV_2 (COVID19) is NOT Natural !

#Czech molecular biologist, Dr. Soňa Peková explains in layman terms that #COVID19 virus originates from a lab, and the Americans try to refute it (Updated):

dimsumdaily.hk/czech-molecula… via @dimsum Daily

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Guillaume P. Andrieu

@GuillaumeInALab

Hello la communauté ! J’ai fait un résumé des #vaccins contre le #SARSCoV2 pour la famille. Si ça vous intéresse de vous informer à propos de la stratégie de #VACCINATIONCOVID, je pose ça là. Petit thread de vulgarisation, c’est parti ! #VaccinCovid

Pour rappel, le virus #SARSCoV2 c’est ça. La protéine #Spike est la porte d’entrée du virus dans nos cellules en reconnaissant la protéine #ACE2 à la surface de nos cellules. C’est la cible principale des vaccins.

L’objectif du vaccin est de booster notre réponse immunitaire contre le virus et les cellules infectées. Les stratégies diffèrent selon les vaccins, on va le voir bientôt.

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Esteban Ortiz

@EstebanOrtizMD

Sobre la nueva mutación del virus del #SARSCOV2 les dejo un breve hilo explicando con palabras claras e información disponible las consecuencias y las implicaciones de esta nueva mutación
1/10

Todo nace por q el Reino Unido secuencia casi el 10% de todas las muestras q procesa, en Diciembre, ellos vieron un aumento en los casos de #COVID19 y tambien vieron q el árbol filogenético mostraba secuencias virales distintas a las antes vistas medium.com/swlh/variants-… 2/10

Se sabe q el SARS-CoV-2 muta bastante, hasta ahora, la tasa de mutación viral es de +/- 1 a 2 por mes. O sea, el #SARSCoV2 de hoy difiere en alrededor de 20 puntos (geneticos) del virus en relación al secuenciado en China en Enero del 2020, por ende,sabemos q el virus muta 3/10

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ETE Fr

@ete_fr

@firefoxx66

À propos de #mutations du #SARSCoV2 chez les #Visons au #Danemark peu d'infos et, au minimum, une communication catastrophique. Deux threads détaillés de @firefoxx66 et @BallouxFrancois qu'on résume en français 1/10 Thread
threadreaderapp.com/thread/1324085…
threadreaderapp.com/thread/1324095…

Les visons sont, comme beaucoup de mammifères, infectés par le #SARSCoV2 avec des symptômes légers. Les élevages peuvent donc être un réservoir. Et, pour la grippe aviaire, l'homogénéité génétique des animaux d'élevage favorise les souches virulentes. 2/10
adioscorona.org/themes-questio…

Il y a déjà eu des épidémies de #SARSCoV2 dans des élevages de visons aux Pays-Bas en juin qui ont conduit à des abattages massifs à cause des passages à l'homme (on a estimé que 50.000 infections ont été indirectement liées à ces élevages). 3/10
sciencemag.org/news/2020/06/c…

Read 10 tweets

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