Thread by @MedicalScitech

🔝5 Concerns about #SARSCoV2 #Biology: A Call to Pause, Deliberate, and Revise Policy─This review is intended both as a basic resource and to initiate an open and critical dialog about SARS-CoV-2 biology for an independent and public call to action. jjcouey.medium.com/5-concerns-abo…

Structural basis of ribosomal #frameshifting during translation of the #SARSCoV2 #RNA #genome
» doi.org/10.1126/scienc…
A unique feature of the SARS-CoV-2 genome controls protein synthesis and presents an "Achilles heel" of the virus.

Brainstem neuropathology in two cases of #COVID19: #SARSCoV2 trafficking between #brain and #lung
» doi.org/10.1007/s00415…
Neuropathologic evidence strongly suggests that the pathophysiology of COVID-19 related respiratory failure includes a neurogenic component.

🔝The chaperone GRP78 is a host auxiliary factor for SARS-CoV-2 and GRP78 depleting antibody blocks viral entry and infection
» doi.org/10.1016/j.jbc.…
This study provides the first experimental evidence demonstrating that #GRP78 binds the #Spike protein of #SARSCoV2 in cells.

🔝An infectivity-enhancing site on the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein targeted by antibodies
» doi.org/10.1016/j.cell…
Discovered for the first time that #SARSCoV2 infectivity is enhanced upon antibody binding to NTD. The NTD region of S protein can produce #ADE infection-enhancing Abs

🔝SARS-CoV-2 infection induces long-lived bone marrow plasma cells in humans
» doi.org/10.1038/s41586…
#SARSCoV2 infection induces a robust antigen-specific, long-lived humoral #immune response in humans. #BMPC cells in the #bonemarrow may churn out antibodies whenever needed.

COVID-19 #vaccine efficacy and effectiveness—the elephant (not) in the room
» doi.org/10.1016/S2666-…
These considerations on Pfizer–BioNTech, Moderna, Gamaleya, J&J, AstraZeneca #efficacy and #effectiveness are based on studies measuring prevention of mild to moderate #COVID19.

#Colchicine for community-treated patients with #COVID19 (#COLCORONA): a phase 3, randomised, double-blinded, adaptive, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial
» doi.org/10.1016/S2213-…
Colchicine could be considered as a treatment for non-hospitalized Pt. at risk of complications.

🔝The Evidence which Suggests that This Is No Naturally Evolved Virus
A Reconstructed Historical Aetiology of the #SARSCoV2 Spike
Birger Sørensen, Angus Dalgleish & Andres Susrud
Immunor & St Georges University of London
Oslo & London 1 July 2020
minervanett.no/files/2020/07/…

🔝“#Vaccine-Induced #COVID19 Mimicry” Syndrome:
Splice reactions within the #SARSCoV2 #Spike open reading frame result in Spike protein variants that may cause thromboembolic events in patients immunized with vector-based #vaccines
» doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.…
(#VIC19M syndrome)

#COVID19 #Vaccine and Death: Causality #Algorithm According to the @WHO Eligibility Diagnosis
» doi.org/10.3390/diagno…
Authors suggest the adoption of the proposed methodology in order to confirm or rule out a causal relationship between #vaccination and the occurrence of #AEFI.

Favorable outcome on viral load and culture viability using #Ivermectin in early treatment of non-hospitalized patients with mild #COVID19, A double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Ivermectin could lead to shortening isolation time in these Pt

Modulation of COVID-19 Epidemiology by UV-B and –A Photons from the Sun
» doi.org/10.1101/2020.0…
Study results suggest that Solar #UVB/#UVA may play an important role in planning new strategies of confinement of the #COVID19 epidemics.

UV-C irradiation is highly effective in inactivating SARS-CoV-2 replication
» doi.org/10.1038/s41598…
Study results could explain the epidemiological trends of #COVID19 and are important for the development of novel #UVC sterilizing methods to contain #SARSCoV2 infection.

#UVA and #UVB Can Neutralize #SARSCoV2 Infectivity
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Study data extend previous results showing that SARS-CoV-2 is highly susceptible to #UV light and offer an explanation to the reduced incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection seen in the summer season.

Erythroid precursors and progenitors suppress adaptive immunity and get invaded by SARS-CoV-2
» doi.org/10.1016/j.stem…
@UAlberta researchers find #SARSCoV2 infects immature red blood cells, reducing oxygen in the blood and impairing #IMMUNESYSTEM response of #COVID19 patients.

Drug repurposing screens identify chemical entities for the development of #COVID19 interventions
» doi.org/10.1038/s41467…
Direct-acting #antivirals, additional compounds that may have value in combination therapies, and tool compounds for viral host cell targets identification.

Irradiation of UVC LED at 277 nm inactivates coronaviruses by photodegradation of spike protein.
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
277-nm #UVC LED results in a pronounced photo-degradation of spike proteins which potentially contributed to the higher efficacy of #coronavirus inactivation

COVID-19: Pathophysiology of Acute Disease─Directions for future research are proposed with the aim of gaining a fuller understanding of the #pathophysiology of #COVID19 and subsequently improving management and outcomes for patients. thelancet.com/series/COVID-1…

Potential anti-#COVID19 agents, #cepharanthine and #nelfinavir, and their usage for combination treatment
» doi.org/10.1016/j.isci…
• #NFV inhibits #SARSCoV2 replication
• #CEP inhibits SARS-CoV-2 attachment to target cells
• NFV+CEP synergistically augment #antiviral activity

A hemagglutination-based, semi-quantitative test for point-of-care determination of SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
A novel rapid, #POC RBC agglutination test for the detection of #SARSCoV2 #antibodies that can yield semi-quantitative information on NAb titer

#Symptomatic Acute #Myocarditis in Seven #Adolescents Following #Pfizer-#BioNTech #COVID19 #Vaccination
» doi.org/10.1542/peds.2…
Continued monitoring and reporting to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) is strongly recommended.

A metal ion orients SARS-CoV-2 mRNA to ensure accurate 2′-O methylation of its first nucleotide
» doi.org/10.1038/s41467…
The #SARSCoV2 #coronavirus is able to utilize the changes in metal ion concentrations to disguise itself in the human host body thus evading immune responses.

Efficacy of #clarithromycin on #COVID19 pneumonia without oxygen administration; protocol for multicenter, open-label, randomized-controlled, 3-armed parallel group comparison, exploratory trial #CAMECOVID
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Japan Registry of Clinical Trials jRCTs071210011

The influence of #HLA genotype on the severity of #COVID19 infection
» doi.org/10.1111/tan.14…
A genetic link has been discovered explaining why some people catch #Covid but don't get sick. The gene is found three times as often in people who are #asymptomatic.

#SARSCoV2 #aerosol: How far it can travel to the lower airways?
» doi.org/10.1063/5.0053…
The results of this study provide a precise knowledge of the SARS-CoV-2 particle transport to the lower branches and could help the lung health risk assessment system.

The efficacy and safety of #monoclonalantibody treatments against #COVID19: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
» medrxiv.org/content/10.110…
In general, #monoclonalantibodies are safe and should be considered in severe to critical COVID-19 patients.

💯#SMART RESEARCHERS DEVELOP METHOD FOR RAPID, ACCURATE DETECTION OF VIRUSES
Four times faster than conventional (RT-q)#PCR methods, new approach called #RADICA is highly specific, sensitive, and resistant to inhibitors smart.mit.edu/news-events/ne…

Longitudinal analysis shows durable and broad #immune memory after #SARSCoV2 infection with persisting antibody responses and memory B and T cells
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
The results suggest that broad and effective immunity may persist long-term in recovered #COVID19 patients.

Breathing, speaking, coughing or sneezing: What drives transmission of SARS-CoV-2?
» onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.11…
The abundance of speech-generated #aerosol, combined with its high #viralload in pre- and asymptomatic individuals, strongly implicates airborne transmission of #SARSCoV2

Common Diabetes Drug Shows Promise as Treatment for COVID-19 Lung Inflammation
» ucsdnews.ucsd.edu/pressrelease/c…
The blood sugar-lowering drug #metformin prevented pulmonary inflammation, a major factor in #COVID19 severity and mortality, in studies of mice infected by the #SARSCoV2.

First-dose ChAdOx1 and BNT162b2 #COVID19 #vaccines and thrombocytopenic, thromboembolic and hemorrhagic events in Scotland
» doi.org/10.1038/s41591…
First dose ChAdOx1 was associated w/ small increased risks of #ITP; increased risk of arterial thromboembolic, hemorrhagic events.

Observational Study on 255 Mechanically Ventilated #Covid Patients at the Beginning of the USA Pandemic
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Causal modeling establishes that weight-adjusted #HCQ and #AZM therapy improves survival by over 100%. QTc prolongation did not correlate with HCQ.

A computational study of expiratory particle transport and vortex dynamics during breathing with and without #facemasks
» doi.org/10.1063/5.0054…
Facile #masks can successfully suppress the spreading of saliva particulates due to normal breathing in #indoor environments.

🔝Circulating #SARSCoV2 Vaccine Antigen Detected in the Plasma of #mRNA-1273 #Vaccine Recipients
» doi.org/10.1093/cid/ci…
Evidence of SYSTEMIC detection of spike & S1 protein production from the mRNA-1273 vaccine is significant and has not yet been described in any vaccine study

🔝#SARSCoV2 #vaccines: Lights and shadows
» doi.org/10.1016/j.ejim…
#Vaccination of individuals with pre-existing #immunity may lead to more intense SYSTEMIC inflammation and might thus trigger unexpectedly intense, albeit very rare, inflammatory and #thrombotic reactions.

The mechanisms of action of #Ivermectin against #SARSCoV2: An evidence-based clinical review article
» doi.org/10.1038/s41429…
This evidence-based review article aims to discuss the mechanism of action of #IVM against SARS-CoV-2 and summarizing the available literature over years

Phosphatidylserine Receptors Enhance #SARSCoV2 Infection: #AXL as a Therapeutic Target for #COVID19
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Authors demonstrated that this PS receptor is an under-appreciated but potentially important host factor facilitating SARS-CoV-2 entry.

Myocarditis Temporally Associated with COVID-19 Vaccination
» doi.org/10.1161/CIRCUL…
Findings from a small study detailing the treatment of #myocarditis-like symptoms in seven people after receiving a #COVID19 #vaccine in the U.S. are published in the AHA's journal Circulation.

Myocarditis after BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 Vaccination
» doi.org/10.1161/CIRCUL…
In conclusion, providers should be vigilant for #myocarditis after #COVID19 #mRNA #vaccination; further research is required to understand the long-term cardiovascular risks.

In Depth Evaluation of a Case of Presumed #Myocarditis Following the Second Dose of #COVID19 #mRNA #Vaccine
» doi.org/10.1161/CIRCUL…
Additional surveillance of such adverse events post COVID-19 vaccination will help to identify whether there are sub-groups who are at higher risk

The #SARSCoV2 #spike protein disrupts the cooperative function of human cardiac pericytes - endothelial cells through #CD147 receptor-mediated signalling
» doi.org/10.1101/2020.1…
A potential non-infective mechanism of #COVID19 #microvascular disease.

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in an adult after #SARSCoV2 infection
» cmaj.ca/content/193/25…
Unlike for MIS-C, there is currently no requirement to report cases of MIS-A to provincial or state, but this should be encouraged to facilitate research and improve patient outcomes

Effects of mask-wearing on social anxiety: an exploratory review
» doi.org/10.1080/106158…
The effects of #facemask-wearing on #socialanxiety are likely to be substantial and clinically relevant.

⚠️Guillain-Barré syndrome following ChAdOx1-S/nCoV-19 #vaccine
» doi.org/10.1002/ana.26…
While the rare outcome, clinicians should be alert to this possible adverse event as six out of seven patients progressed to areflexic quadriplegia and required mechanical ventilatory support

⚠️Guillain-Barré syndrome variant occurring after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination
» doi.org/10.1002/ana.26…
Suggest vigilance for cases of bifacial weakness with paraesthesias variant #GBS following #vaccination for #SARSCoV2 and post-vaccination surveillance programs ensure data capture.

The landscape of antibody binding in SARS-CoV-2 infection
» doi.org/10.1371/journa…
Authors results demonstrate previously unknown, highly reactive B cell epitopes throughout the full proteome of #SARSCoV2 and other CoV proteins, besides #spike (S) and #nucleocapsid (N) proteins.

On pollen and #Airborne virus transmission
» doi.org/10.1063/5.0055…
In the case of high #Pollen grains concentrations in the air or during pollination in the spring, the #SocialDistance of 2 m does not hold as a health safety measure for an #outdoor crowd.

Interplay between #SARSCoV2-derived miRNAs, immune system, vitamin D pathway and respiratory system
» doi.org/10.1111/jcmm.1…
Investigators found that the virus' microRNAs affect individuals' #RespiratorySystem, #ImmuneSystem response, and #VitaminD pathways.

Incidence of Cutaneous Reactions After Messenger RNA COVID-19 Vaccines
» doi.org/10.1001/jamade…
Cutaneous reactions, including itching, rash, hives and swelling, occurred in more than 4% of those who received the 2-dose #mRNA #COVID19 #vaccines.

Effectiveness of #SARSCoV2 Monoclonal Antibody Infusions in High-Risk Outpatients
» doi.org/10.1093/ofid/o…
A study by the @USFHealth and @TGHCares is among the first to assess #monoclonalantibodies in a practical setting can reduce #hospitalizations, #healthcare system stress.

🔝Conformational Dynamics in the Interaction of #SARSCoV2 Papain-like Protease with Human Interferon-Stimulated Gene 15 Protein
» doi.org/10.1021/acs.jp…
Using #SANS neutrons @ORNL, the researchers catched shape-shifting #coronavirus protein complex in the act. #PLpro #ISG15

🔝In silico comparison of #SARSCoV2 #spike protein-#ACE2 binding affinities across species and implications for virus origin
» doi.org/10.1038/s41598…
SARS-CoV-2 surprisingly well adapted to bind strongly to human ACE2, helping explain its efficient human-to-human transmission.

Mitigation strategies for #airborne disease transmission in orchestras using computational fluid dynamics
» doi.org/10.1126/sciadv…
Want to reduce #COVID19 risk on an orchestra stage? Open all the doors and windows, move trumpets to the air vents and put percussion in the center.

Systematic analysis of #SARSCoV2 infection of an ACE2-negative human airway cell
» doi.org/10.1016/j.celr…
The ability to use an alternative entry pathway opens up the possibility of evading #COVID19 antibodies or vaccines, but the researchers didn't find evidence of such evasion

💯Multiplexed, quantitative serological profiling of #COVID19 from blood by a point-of-care test
» advances.sciencemag.org/content/7/26/e…
Initial results show the #TestTestTest can distinguish between antibodies produced in response to #SARSCoV2 and four other #coronaviruses with 100% accuracy.

SARS-CoV-2 detection and genomic sequencing from hospital surface samples collected at UC Davis
» doi.org/10.1371/journa…
The low likelihood that #SARSCoV2 #contamination on hospital surfaces contains infectious virus, disputing the importance of #fomite in #COVID19 transmission.

Digital contact tracing contributes little to COVID-19 outbreak containment
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Authors results suggest that policy makers cannot rely on digital #ContactTracing to contain outbreaks of #COVID19 or similar diseases.

Use of #hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes to rule out proarrhythmic effects of drugs: the case of #hydroxychloroquine in #COVID19
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Disease-specific cohorts of hiPSC-CMs may be a valid preliminary addition to quickly assess drug safety in vulnerable populations

#Ivermectin for Prevention and Treatment of #COVID19 Infection
» doi.org/10.1097/MJT.00…
Moderate-certainty evidence finds that large reductions in COVID deaths are possible using ivermectin. Using it early in the clinical course may reduce numbers progressing to severe disease.

Wearable materials with embedded synthetic biology sensors for biomolecule detection
» nature.com/articles/s4158…
@wyssinstitute @MIT embed synthetic biology reactions into fabrics, creating #wearable #biosensors that can be customized to detect pathogens/toxins and alert the wearer

Combined Metabolic Activators Accelerates Recovery in Mild-to-Moderate COVID-19
» doi.org/10.1002/advs.2…
Metabolic activators can reduce recovery time by as many as 3.5 days in patients with mild-to-moderate #COVID19, according to a study published today in Advanced Science.

#Myocarditis Following Immunization With #mRNA #COVID19 #Vaccines in Members of the US Military
» doi.org/10.1001/jamaca…
Vigilance for rare adverse events after COVID-19 vaccination is warranted but should not diminish overall confidence in vaccines during the current pandemic.

Patients With Acute #Myocarditis Following #mRNA #COVID19 #Vaccination
» doi.org/10.1001/jamaca…
Although causality cannot be established, the findings raise the possibility of an association between mRNA COVID-19 vaccination and acute myocarditis.

Aerosol and Droplet Generation from Performing with Woodwind and Brass Instruments
» doi.org/10.1080/027868…
Playing wind instruments generates less #aerosol than vocalization. Findings crucial to developing a roadmap for lifting #COVID19 #restrictions in the performing #arts.

🔝Physical phenotype of blood cells is altered in COVID-19
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
#COVID19 significantly changes the size and stiffness of red and white blood cells - sometimes over months - evidencing the long-term imprint on the body -- a possible explanation for #LongCovid.

Longitudinal assessment of diagnostic test performance over the course of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection
» doi.org/10.1093/infdis…
KEY to efficient, early detection of #SARSCoV2, the virus that causes #COVID19, increases with more frequent testing, no matter the type of #TestTestTest

Nasal ciliated cells are primary targets for SARS-CoV-2 replication in the early stage of COVID-19
» doi.org/10.1172/JCI148…
Results imply targeting ciliated cells of the nasal epithelium during the early stage of #COVID19 could be an ideal strategy to prevent #SARSCoV2 propagate

CD8+ T cells specific for conserved coronavirus epitopes correlate with milder disease in COVID-19 patients
» doi.org/10.1126/sciimm…
People w/ #COVID19 may experience milder symptoms if certain cells of their #immunesystem remember previous encounters with seasonal #coronavirus.

Massively scaled-up testing for #SARSCoV2 RNA via next-generation sequencing of pooled and barcoded nasal and saliva samples
» doi.org/10.1038/s41551…
#SwabSeq to perform 80,000+ tests in less two months, with the #TestTestTest showing extremely high sensitivity and specificity.

Safety and Immunogenicity of a Self-Amplifying RNA #Vaccine Against #COVID19
» dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3…
The technology uses genetic code called self-amplifying RNA (#saRNA). This genetic information holds instructions to make the spike protein found on the outside of #coronavirus.

🔝Structure-guided #Tcell #vaccine design for #SARSCoV2 #variants and sarbecoviruses
» doi.org/10.1016/j.cell…
To develop a broadly protective T cell vaccine that can protect against #VOC, such as the #DeltaVariant, and potentially extend protection to future SARS-CoV-2 variants.

#SARSCoV2 immune evasion by the B.1.427/B.1.429 variant of concern
» doi.org/10.1126/scienc…
The L452R mutation reduced neutralizing activity of 14 out of 34 RBD-specific mAbs. The S13I & W152C mutations resulted in total loss of neutralization for 10 out of 10 NTD-specific mAbs.

Infectivity and immune escape of the new #SARSCoV2 #variant of interest #Lambda
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Mutations present in the spike protein of the #LambdaVariant #VOI confer increased infectivity and immune escape from neutralizing antibodies elicited by #Sinovac-#CoronaVac.

Cross-reactive serum and memory B-cell responses to spike protein in #SARSCoV2 and endemic #coronavirus infection
» doi.org/10.1038/s41467…
A special type of antibody is produced in patients who've had #COVID19 as well as less-serious coronaviruses that cause colds.

Postinfection treatment with a protease inhibitor increases survival of mice with a fatal SARS-CoV-2 infection
» doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2…
Results suggest deuterated variants of #coronavirus protease inhibitor #GC376 have excellent potential as antiviral agents against #SARSCoV2.

Application of nasal spray containing dimethyl sulfoxide (DSMO) and ethanol during the COVID-19 pandemic may protect healthcare workers
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Conclusion: combined application of #DSMO and #ethanol in #healthcare providers can considerably prevent #COVID19.

Evidence of a putative glycosaminoglycan binding site on the glycosylated SARS-CoV-2 spike protein N-terminal domain
» doi.org/10.1016/j.csbj…
#HS Heparan sulfate, from the same family as #heparin, may interfere with the ability of #COVID19 virus's spikes to bind to human cells.

Supercomputer-Based Ensemble Docking Drug Discovery Pipeline with Application to Covid-19
» doi.org/10.1021/acs.jc…
@ORNL researchers are using a #QuantumChemistry procedure @TACC's #Stampede2 supercomputer to help refine screening of potential drug molecules against #COVID19.

Incidence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 infection among previously infected or #vaccinated employees
» medrxiv.org/content/10.110…
There was no difference in the infection incidence between vaccinated individuals and individuals with previous infection.

Effectiveness of #Ivermectin-Based Multidrug Therapy in Severe Hypoxic Ambulatory #COVID19 Patients
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Triple combination therapy is safe and effective even in moderate-severe patients with hypoxia treated in the outpatient setting.

Mandatory covid-19 vaccination for care home workers
» doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n1…
In The BMJ, experts argue that mandatory #COVID19 #vaccination for #carehomes workers is "unnecessary, disproportionate and misguided".

Risk factors for intensive care admission and death amongst children and young people admitted to hospital with #COVID19 and PIMS-TS in England during the first pandemic year
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Identifying which #CYP are vulnerable to severe disease following #SARSCoV2.

Deaths in Children and Young People in England following SARS-CoV-2 infection during the first pandemic year
» doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.…
It is important to differentiate b/w #CYP who have died of #SARSCoV2 and those died of an alternative disease but coincidentally tested positive.

Which children and young people are at higher risk of severe disease and death after #SARSCoV2 infection
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Whilst odds ratios were high, the absolute increase in risk for most comorbidities was small compared to #CYP without underlying conditions.

p-cymene impairs SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza A (H1N1) viral replication: In silico predicted interaction with SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein and H1N1 nucleoprotein
» doi.org/10.1002/prp2.7…
#pcymene as a possible antiviral in a broad spectrum of #RNA viruses, from #SARSCoV2 to H1N1

Autoimmunity to #AnnexinA2 predicts mortality among hospitalised #COVID19 patients
» doi.org/10.1183/139930…
Anti-Annexin A2 antibodies: the pathophysiology of severe COVID-19 has largely been attributed to a hyper-inflammatory response without a clear indication of the mechanism

Aspirin Use is Associated with Decreased Mortality in Patients with COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Study results show that #aspirin is associated with decrease in both overall mortality and in-hospital mortality in patients with #COVID19

CAT, AGTR2, L-SIGN and DC-SIGN are potential receptors for the entry of #SARSCoV2 into human cells
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
After performing molecular simulations, authors found that the binding affinities of CAT, AGTR2, L-SIGN and DC-SIGN to S protein were even higher than ACE2

Key role of #AnnexinA2 and #Plasmin in #COVID19 pathophysiology, clinical presentation and outcomes - A Review
» researchgate.net/publication/34…
The potential key role of proteins such as Annexin A2, plasmin, ACE-2 receptors and ENaC channels in the COVID-19 disease pathophysiology.

Genetic regulation of #OAS1 nonsense-mediated decay underlies association with risk of severe #COVID19
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Ratio for further studies using interferon to compensate for impaired spontaneous #SARSCoV2 clearance, particularly in carriers of OAS1 risk haplotypes

A drug candidate for treating #AdverseReactions caused by pathogenic antibodies inducible by #COVID19 virus and #vaccines
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
To prevent and treat #ADAA of COVID-19 vaccines because the vaccines can induce similar antibodies, including pathogenic antibodies.

Attenuation of clinical & immunological outcomes during SARS-CoV-2 infection by ivermectin
» doi.org/10.15252/emmm.…
#Ivermectin might be considered as promising therapeutic agent vs #COVID19 with no impact on #SARSCoV2 replication but alleviating inflammation & ensuing symptoms.

Plasma #ACE2 species are differentially altered in #COVID19 patients
» doi.org/10.1096/fj.202…
A #bloodtest that quantifies the protein ACE2, produced as a result of interaction with the virus, could be a simple and effective method for monitoring #SARSCoV2 infection.

Regulation of the Expression of SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 #ACE2 in Nasal Mucosa
» doi.org/10.1177/194589…
Scientists find that short chain fatty acids can be used to reduce susceptibility to #SARSCoV2 infection and mortality from #COVID19.

Reactivation of IgA vasculitis after COVID-19 vaccination
» doi.org/10.1016/S2665-…
Uncertainty persists as to the possibility that the #COVID19 #vaccines might cause exacerbation of pre-existing #autoimmunedisease: reactivation of IgA #vasculitis occurring after #vaccination.

Exploring the Gap Between Excess Mortality and COVID-19 Deaths in 67 Countries
» doi.org/10.1001/jamane…
Researchers in this study analyzed the gap between #excessmortality and #CCM #COVID19 confirmed mortality in 67 countries to determine the reliability of the official data.

Early Phylogenetic Estimate Of The Effective Reproduction Number Of 2019-nCoV
» doi.org/10.1101/2020.0…
Temporal reconstruction of the #2019nCoV phylogeny suggests that the epidemic originated between October and November 2019, several weeks before the first cases were described.

🔝The #COVID19 Burden or #Tryptophan Syndrome: #Autoimmunity, #Immunoparalysis and Tolerance in a #Tumorigenic Environment
» doi.org/10.23937/2474-…
The main conclusion is that the whole process starts among #neutrophils and then is perpetuated by sustained #Platelets activation.

#Autoantibodies stabilize #Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in #COVID19
» doi.org/10.1172/jci.in…
COVID-19 emulates many aspects of systemic #autoimmune disorders, including the release of a flurry of overactive #ImmuneSystem cells that produce toxic webs of proteins and DNA (#NET)

#Remdesivir for the treatment of #COVID19 disease
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Conclusion: Early initiation of #RDV is associated with shorter #hospital stay, lower #mortality as well as reduced need for supplemental #oxygen and #mechanicalventilation.

⚠️Sequential contralateral facial nerve palsies following COVID-19 vaccination first and second doses
» dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-20…
In this @bmj_latest Case Report, authors describe the first case of #BellPalsy occurring shortly after each dose of a #COVID19 #vaccine, suggesting link

Pathogenic antibodies induced by #spike proteins of #COVID19 and #SARSCoV viruses
» doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.…
N-Acetylneuraminic Acid (#NANA) and its analogs such as acetylneuraminic acid methyl ester (NANA-Me) are able prevent and also treat adverse reactions caused by COVID-19.

Distinctive features of #SARSCoV2-specific #Tcells predict recovery from severe #COVID19
» doi.org/10.1016/j.celr…
A new study by researchers from the @UCSF and the @GladstoneInst-California has shown that exhausted T cells are linked to increased risk of COVID-19 mortality.

Masitinib is a broad coronavirus 3CL inhibitor that blocks replication of SARS-CoV-2
» doi.org/10.1126/scienc…
There is an urgent need for #antiviral agents that treat #SARSCoV2 infection. #Masitinib was also effective in vitro against all tested #VOC (B.1.1.7, B.1.351 and P.1).

Combination of Antiviral Drugs to Inhibit #SARSCoV2 Polymerase and Exonuclease as Potential #COVID19 Therapeutics
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
SARS-CoV-2 has an exonuclease-based proofreader, which removes nucleotide inhibitors (Remdesivir). Combination drugs for effective treatment

Disrupted Resolution Mechanisms Favor Altered Phagocyte Responses in #Covid19
» doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRE…
The results suggest that treatments which increase #SPM production, such as #dexamethasone or SPM based drugs, could play a key role in limiting inflammation in these patients.

Drug-free #nasalspray as a barrier against #SARSCoV2 infection: safety and efficacy in human nasal airway epithelia
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
AM-301 was found to be safe in vitro, and it significantly decelerated viral titer growth in experimental models of prophylaxis/mitigation

Impaired local intrinsic immunity to SARS-CoV-2 infection in severe COVID-19
» doi.org/10.1016/j.cell…
This study defines protective and detrimental responses to #SARSCoV2, and suggests that failed nasal epithelial anti-viral immunity may underlie and precede severe #COVID19.

#Frailtyvariation models for susceptibility and exposure to #SARSCoV2
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
#HerdImmunity thresholds are being reached w/ a larger contribution of vaccine in Scotland than in England, where naturally acquired immunity is higher. Relevant to global vax policies

Safety and efficacy of COVID-19 hyperimmune globulin (HIG) solution in the treatment of active COVID-19 infection- Findings from a Prospective, Randomized, Controlled, Multi-Centric Trial
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
#COVID19 #HIG was found to be safe and well-tolerated.

Inhibitors of #VPS34 and #fattyacid metabolism suppress #SARSCoV2 replication
» doi.org/10.1016/j.celr…
These studies clarify roles for VPS34 & fatty acid metabolism in SARS-CoV-2 replication and identify promising avenues for the development of countermeasures against the virus.

Covid-19 vaccines: In the rush for regulatory approval, do we need more data?
» doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n1…
After rollout under #EUA emergency authorisation, manufacturers of #COVID19 #vaccines now have their sights on regulatory approval. But what’s the rush, asks Peter Doshi?

Spike-antibody waning after second dose of BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1
» doi.org/10.1016/S0140-…
A significant trend of declining S-antibody levels, reducing by about five-fold for ChAdOx1, and by about two-fold for BNT162b2, between 21–41 days and 70 days or more after the second dose.

An Oral #SARSCoV2 Mpro Inhibitor Clinical Candidate for the Treatment of #COVID19
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Alongside vaccines, #Antiviral therapeutics are an important part of the healthcare response to counter the ongoing threat presented by COVID-19. PF-07321332 by @pfizer.

COVID-ONE-humoral immune: The One-stop Database for COVID-19-specific Antibody Responses and Clinical Parameters
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
A database for COVID-19 specific immune responses and clinical parameters: 2,360 serum samples, 783 #COVID19 patients covid-one.cn

Highly efficient SARS-CoV-2 infection of human cardiomyocytes: spike protein-mediated cell fusion and its inhibition
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
#SARSCoV2 can replicate efficiently in hiPSC-CM platform that provides an opportunity for target-based drug discovery in cardiac #COVID19

Emergence of #SARSCOV2 Spike Protein Escape #Mutation #Q493R after Treatment for #COVID19
» wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/27…
SARS-CoV-2 mutations conferring resistance to #bamlanivimab and #etesevimab can arise after specific #selectivepressure, thus increasing binding affinity to ACE2.

Selectively expressing #SARSCoV2 Spike protein S1 subunit in #cardiomyocytes induces cardiac hypertrophy in mice
» biorxiv.org/content/10.110…
Suggesting that circulating CoV-2-S1 is a TLR4-recognizable alarmin that may harm the heart CMs by triggering their innate immune responses.

Losartan Inhibits SARS-CoV-2 Replication in Vitro
» doi.org/10.18433/jpps3…
A new in vitro study conducted by researchers from @universityofga and Shahid Beheshti University-Iran has found that the common Hypertension drug #Losartan is able to inhibit #SARSCoV2 replication.

Examining the potential benefits of the #influenzavaccine against #SARSCoV2: A retrospective cohort analysis of 74,754 patients
» doi.org/10.1371/journa…
Physician-scientists @umiamimedicine have shown in a study that the #fluvaccine may provide vital protection against #COVID19.

#AdverseEvents following #COVID19 virus #vaccination in Japanese young population
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
This study clarified for the first time that age less than 20 years is a risk factor for systemic adverse events from the COVID-19 Vaccine Moderna Intramuscular Injection.

Longitudinal observation of antibody responses for 14 months after #SARSCoV2 infection
» doi.org/10.1016/j.clim…
Delighted to share a paper published in Clinical Immunology. This is the longest follow up (14 months) of #antibody responses in recovered #COVID19 patients to date.

Seven-month kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and role of pre-existing antibodies to human coronaviruses
» doi.org/10.1038/s41467…
The levels of #IgG #antibodies against #SARSCoV2 Spike protein remain stable, or even increase, seven months after infection, according to follow-up.

Cerebral venous thrombosis after vaccination against COVID-19 in the UK
» doi.org/10.1016/S0140-…
UCL and UCLH-led study of patients w/ cerebral venous thrombosis (#CVT) following #COVID19 #vaccination, provides a clearer guide for clinicians trying to diagnose and treat patients

⚠️Association of Myocarditis With BNT162b2 Messenger RNA COVID-19 Vaccine in a Case Series of Children
» doi.org/10.1001/jamaca…
In this small case series study, #myocarditis was diagnosed in #children after #COVID19 #vaccination, most commonly in boys after the #seconddose.

Clinical Characteristics and Pharmacological Management of #COVID19 #Vaccine–Induced Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia With Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis
» doi.org/10.1001/jamaca…
Regarding biology, clinical characteristics, and pharmacological management of #VITT with #CVST.

#COVID19 #Breakthrough Infections in #Vaccinated #HealthCare Workers
» doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa…
Among #FullyVaccinated health care workers, most breakthrough infections were mild or asymptomatic, although persistent symptoms (>6 weeks) did occur.

🔝Immunisation of ferrets and mice with recombinant #SARSCoV2 spike protein formulated with Advax-SM adjuvant protects against #COVID19 infection
» doi.org/10.1016/j.vacc…
Notably, in addition to lung protection Covax-19 vaccine may have the potential to reduce virus transmission

Molecular mimicry between Spike and human thrombopoietin may induce thrombocytopenia in COVID-19
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Consideration of cross-reactivity for #SARSCoV2 is important for therapeutic intervention and when designing the next generation of #COVID19 #vaccines.

Spatiotemporal Components of #AdverseReactions Against BNT162b2 mRNA #SARSCoV2 #Vaccine Reflect Different Immunological Processes
» ssrn.com/abstract=39039…
Complex AR Vs. vaccines can be explained by a limited number of spatiotemporal components identified by tensor decomposition

⚠️Infection-enhancing anti-#SARSCoV2 antibodies recognize both the original Wuhan/#D614G strain and #DeltaVariant. A potential risk for #massvaccination?
» doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf…
#ADE is a potential concern for #vaccines. #Vaccine formulations lacking ADE epitope are suggested.

Associations Between the Use of NSAIDs and Adverse Outcomes Among Patients with COVID-19
» ssrn.com/abstract=39039…
The use of #ibuprofen, #etoricoxib or #celecoxib were not associated with an increased risk of death in #COVID19 patients, compared with not using any #NSAID.

Mechanism of #molnupiravir-induced #SARSCoV2 mutagenesis
» doi.org/10.1038/s41594…
Molecular mechanisms of #coronavirus drug candidate Molnupiravir unraveled. The antiviral agent incorporates RNA-like building blocks into the genome of the virus.

Association of #Vaccine Type and Prior #SARSCoV2 Infection With Symptoms and Antibody Measurements Following #Vaccination Among #HealthCare Workers
» doi.org/10.1001/jamain…
Study did in hospital workers who received an mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and had prior SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Pseudotyped Bat Coronavirus RaTG13 is efficiently neutralised by convalescent sera from SARS-CoV-2 infected Patients
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
These results indicate that the immune-escape mutations found in #SARSCoV2 #VOC(s) might be driven by strong #antibodypressure(s).

Seasonal betacoronavirus antibodies expansion post BNT161b2 #vaccination associates with reduced #SARSCoV2 #VoC(s) neutralization
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
The study showed that serological assays measuring IgG against Wuhan-Hu-1 antigens were a poor proxy for VoCs neutralization

⚠️Cardiac Inflammation after #COVID19 #mRNA #Vaccines: A Global #Pharmacovigilance Analysis
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
An important disproportionate reporting among #adolescents and #youngadults, particularly in males, was observed especially for #myocarditis.

Significant reduction in humoral immunity among healthcare workers and nursing home residents 6 months after #COVID19 BNT162b2 #mRNA #vaccination
» medrxiv.org/content/10.110…
These data demonstrate a significant reduction in levels of antibody in all groups.

Correlation of #SARSCoV2 #Breakthrough Infections to Time-from-vaccine
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Authors found that the risk for infection was significantly higher for early vaccinees compared to those vaccinated later.

Impact of #Delta on viral burden and #vaccine effectiveness against new #SARSCoV2 infections in the UK
» ndm.ox.ac.uk/files/coronavi…
With #DeltaVariant, infections occurring following two vaccinations had similar peak viral burden to those in unvaccinated individuals.

Determinants and dynamics of #SARSCoV2 infection in a diverse population
» doi.org/10.1093/infdis…
People who have had severe or long-lasting cases of #COVID19 are more likely to have high levels of immunoglobulin G (#IgG) antibodies needed to fight against future reinfection.

⚠️Antibody Evolution after #SARSCoV2 #mRNA #Vaccination
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Authors conclude that memory antibodies selected over time by natural infection have greater potency and breadth than antibodies elicited by vaccination.

Morphological cell profiling of #SARSCoV2 infection identifies drug repurposing candidates for #COVID19
» doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2…
The team validated the 17 candidate compounds in several types of cells. Nine showed anti-viral activity at reasonable doses, including #lactoferrin.

Infection with the #SARSCoV2 #DeltaVariant is Associated with Higher Infectious Virus Loads Compared to the #AlphaVariant in both #Unvaccinated and #Vaccinated Individuals
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Both Vaxed/Unvaxed show a significant decrease of Ct values in the Delta Vs. Alpha

⚠️First case of postmortem study in a patient #vaccinated against #SARSCoV2
» doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid…
Postmortem molecular mapping by RT-PCR revealed relevant SARS-CoV2 cycle threshold values in ~all organs examined: 1st vaccination induces immunogenicity but not sterile immunity

⚠️#FND Functional disorders after #COVID19 #vaccine fuel #vaccination hesitancy
» dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2…
A female patient who presented with a short episode of generalized psychogenic non-epileptic seizures 20 minutes after receiving her #seconddose of the #Pfizer-#BioNTech jab.

#DeltaVariant and #mRNA #Covid19 #vaccines effectiveness: higher odds of vaccine infection breakthroughs
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Authors found significantly higher odds of vaccine infection breakthrough in Delta cases when compared to Alpha cases, suggesting lower effectiveness

Reduced T cell and antibody responses to inactivated #coronavirus #vaccine among males and individuals above 55 years old
» medrxiv.org/content/10.110…
In Brazil, data support that #Coronavac vaccinees above 55 YO are likely to benefit from a third dose to boost immune response.

Impact of #Delta on viral burden and #vaccine effectiveness against new #SARSCoV2 infections in the UK
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
With #DeltaVariant, infections occurring following two #vaccinations had similar peak viral burden to those in #unvaccinated individuals.

Transmission of #SARSCoV2 #DeltaVariant Among #Vaccinated #Healthcare Workers, Vietnam
» papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cf…
#Breakthrough #Delta #variant infections are associated with high #ViralLoad, prolonged #PCR positivity, and low levels of #vaccine-induced neutralizing antibodies.

🔝Pathophysiological Basis and Rationale for Early Outpatient Treatment of #SARSCoV2 (#COVID19) Infection
» doi.org/10.1016/j.amjm…
Physicians must use what has been learned about the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection in determining early outpatient treatment of the illness

🔝Multifaceted highly targeted sequential multidrug treatment of early ambulatory high-risk #SARSCoV2 infection
» doi.org/10.31083/j.rcm…
#SMDT regimens should be employed as a critical strategy to reduce intensity and duration of symptoms and avoiding hospitalization and death.

Large-scale study of antibody titer decay following BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine or SARS-CoV-2 infection
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Individuals who received the #Pfizer-#BioNTech #mRNA #vaccine have higher initial antibody levels but a much faster exponential decrease than SC2 infected.

🚨The #SARSCoV2 #DeltaVariant is poised to acquire complete resistance to wild-type spike #vaccines
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Found that the Delta variant completely escaped from anti-N-terminal domain (NTD) NAb while increasing responsiveness to anti-NTD infectivity-enhancing Ab

Safety of the #BNT162b2 #mRNA #COVID19 #Vaccine in a Nationwide Setting
» doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa…
"Vaccination was most strongly associated with an elevated risk of myocarditis, lymphadenopathy, appendicitis, and herpes zoster infection"
*SC2 infection as well 👉 #earlytreatments

Comparing #SARSCoV2 #naturalimmunity to #vaccine-induced #immunity: reinfections versus #breakthrough infections
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Natural immunity confers longer lasting and stronger protection against infection, symptomatic disease and hospitalization by #Deltavariant.

Predominance of antibody-resistant #SARSCoV2 #variants in #vaccine breakthrough cases from the SF Bay Area, CA
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
These findings suggest that #symptomatic #breakthrough infections may potentially transmit #COVID19 as efficiently as unvaccinated infections.

Using Nonheparin Anticoagulant to Treat a Near-Fatal Case With Multiple Venous Thrombotic Lesions During #ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 #Vaccination-Related #VITT
» doi.org/10.1097/CCM.00…
A good outcome can be obtained even with multiple and life-threatening venous thrombotic lesions. (sic!)

Reverse Engineering the source code of the BioNTech/Pfizer SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine
» berthub.eu/articles/posts…
"Welcome! In this post, we’ll be taking a character-by-character look at the source code of the BioNTech/Pfizer SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine." ─ Bert Hubert (@powerdns_bert)

Kira Smith. #BNT162b2 #Vaccine: possible codons misreading, errors in protein synthesis and alternative splicing's anomalies. Authorea. March 25, 2021. doi.org/10.22541/au.16…

Detailed Dissection and Critical Evaluation of the #Pfizer/#BioNTech and #Moderna #mRNA #Vaccines
» doi.org/10.3390/vaccin…
Highlighted and illustrated cases in the hope that the conceptual framework would facilitate the design of not only vaccines but also other therapeutic mRNA

Discovery of highly potent #pancoronavirus #fusioninhibitors that also effectively inhibit #COVID19 #variants from the UK and South Africa
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Demonstrated that these inhibitors target the viral spike protein and are not promiscuous or colloidal aggregators.

⚠️Increased risk of severe clinical course of #COVID19 in carriers of #HLA-C*04:01
» doi.org/10.1016/j.ecli…
HLA-C*04:01 carrier state is associated with severe clinical course in SC2. Findings suggest that HLA class I alleles have a relevant role in immune defense against SC2.

#Coronavirus induces #diabetic macrophage-mediated inflammation via #SETDB2
» pnas.org/content/118/38…
In the mouse and human models, as SETDB2 went down, inflammation went up. In addition, a pathway known as JAK1/STAT3 regulates SETDB2 in macrophages during coronavirus infection.

#SARSCoV2 B.1.617.2 #DeltaVariant replication and immune evasion
» doi.org/10.1038/s41586…
In vitro, B.1.617.2 is 6-fold less sensitive to serum neutralising antibodies from recovered, and 8-fold less sensitive to vaccine-elicited antibodies as compared to wild type (WT) D614G.

⚠️Ineffective neutralization of the #SARSCoV2 #MuVariant by convalescent and vaccine sera
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
In this study, authors demonstrate that the Mu variant is highly resistant to sera from #COVID19 #convalescentplasma and #BNT162b2-#vaccinated individuals.

Serologic Testing of US Blood Donations to Identify Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)–Reactive Antibodies: December 2019–January 2020
» doi.org/10.1093/cid/ci…
Findings suggest that #SARSCoV2 may have been introduced into the U.S. prior to 19 Jan 2020.

💯Concordance between #PCR-based extraction-free #saliva and #nasopharyngeal #swabs for #SARSCoV2 testing
» doi.org/10.12688/hrbop…
The saliva sample to test for #COVID19 can be easily collected by the person themselves so has the potential to increase compliance with screening.

Induction of trained immunity by #influenza #vaccination
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
The quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine induced a trained immunity program that boosted innate immune responses & fine-tuned the anti-#SARSCoV2 response, in better protection Vs. #COVID19.

The tiered #restrictions enforced in November 2020 did not impact the epidemiology of the #secondwave of #COVID19 in #Italy
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Rt increasing shortly after measures became effective doesn't allow to exclude such restrictions might have been counterproductive

🔝Children and adults with mild #COVID19 symptoms develop memory #Tcell immunity to #SARSCoV2
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Data indicate that an antigen-specific memory CD4+ T cell response is induced in children and adults with mild SARS-CoV-2 infection: protection Vs. re-infection

⚠️#Menstrual changes after #COVID19 #vaccination
» doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n2…
Link menstrual changes/vaccines is plausible and should be investigated. Reported changes short lived, but research into this adverse reaction remains critical to the success of the vaccination programme.

⚠️Reports of #myocarditis and #pericarditis following #mRNA #COVID19 #vaccines
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
This study provides evidence that younger vaccinees more frequently report myocarditis and pericarditis following mRNA COVID-19 vaccines compared with older vaccinees.

Risk prediction of covid-19 related death and hospital admission in adults after #COVID19 #vaccination
» doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n2…
Findings on the #vaccinated people who are at greatest risk from severe Covid-19 leading to hospitalisation or death from 14 days post the second dose.

💯Vaccinating people who have had #COVID19: why doesn’t #naturalimmunity count in the US?
» doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n2…
The US CDC estimates that #SARSCoV2 has infected 100+ million Americans, and evidence is mounting that natural immunity is at least as protective as vaccination.

Sequence signatures of two public #antibody clonotypes that bind #SARSCoV2 receptor binding domain
» doi.org/10.1038/s41467…
#Antibodies from original strain #COVID19 infection don't bind well to newer #variants, a study from the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign found.

Why are we vaccinating #children against #COVID19?
» doi.org/10.1016/j.toxr…
The risk of death from COVID-19 decreases drastically as age decreases, and the longer-term effects of the inoculations on lower age groups will increase their risk-benefit ratio, perhaps substantially.

The search for #antivirals for #COVID19
» doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n2…
Antivirals are one of the most sought after, yet missing, tools to control #SARSCOV2. Chris Stokel-Walker asks what was learnt from a similar search nearly 20 years ago.

Analysis of the #URT microbiota in mild and severe #COVID19 patients
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
#Rothia and #Streptococcus genera representatives with more severe lung damage, and #Leptotrichia, unclassified #Lachnospiraceae and #Prevotella with milder forms of the disease.

EFFICACY OF THE MEASLES-MUMPS-RUBELLA (#MMR) #VACCINE IN THE REDUCING THE SEVERITY OF #COVID19
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
This interim analysis of an ongoing clinical trial suggests that the vaccine reduces the risk of COVID–19 symptoms and reduces the need for COVID–19 treatment.

High- Versus Low-Dose #Dexamethasone for the Treatment of #COVID19-related #ARDS
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Higher doses Vs. the recommended low-dose treatment did not show an increase in VFD. However, they significantly improved the time required to liberate Pts from ventilators.

Transparency of #COVID19 #vaccine trials: decisions without data
» dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjebm…
It is a scientific, moral and ethical imperative that access to complete trial data of these global #publichealth interventions is urgently granted to Pts, researchers and key stakeholders.

🔝Early treatment of #COVID19 with #anakinra guided by soluble urokinase plasminogen receptor plasma levels: a double-blind, randomized controlled phase 3 trial
» doi.org/10.1038/s41591…
Concrete prospects for the prevention of severe respiratory failure in Pts affected by C19.

Measured influence of overhead #HVAC on exposure to #airborne contaminants from simulated speaking in a meeting and a classroom
» doi.org/10.1111/ina.12…
Poorly circulated room air raises potential exposure to contaminants by up to 6 times.

A potent #SARSCoV2 neutralising #nanobody shows therapeutic efficacy in the Syrian golden hamster model of #COVID19
» doi.org/10.1038/s41467…
A unique type of tiny antibody by #llama could provide a new frontline treatment against COVID-19 that can be taken as simple nasal spray.

#SARSCoV2 and the subsequent development of #preeclampsia and preterm birth
» doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog…
Study found that women who contract #COVID19 during pregnancy are at significantly higher risk of developing pre-eclampsia, the leading cause of maternal & infant death worldwide

💯Direct detection of human adenovirus or #SARSCoV2 with ability to inform infectivity using DNA #aptamer-nanopore sensors
» doi.org/10.1126/sciadv…
A new sensor can detect not only whether a virus is present, but whether it’s infectious – important for containing viral spread.

Clinical Characteristics of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Adults
» jamanetwork.com/journals/jaman…
Forty-seven percent of MIS-A patients required respiratory support because of the severity of their illness. Most also required mechanical ventilation and 7 percent died.

Inflammatory #myositis after #ChAdOx1 #vaccination
» doi.org/10.1016/S2665-…
Thus, the calculated crude incidence rate of post vaccination myositis was three cases per 1·26 million (<2·3 cases per million). These individuals required prolonged treatment for weeks to months.

#SARSCoV2 S glycoprotein binding to multiple host receptors enables cell entry and infection
» doi.org/10.1007/s10719…
In addition to CTLs, other receptors like TLRs, NRP1, GRP78, LOX-1 etc., have been implicated to interact with SC2 and/or potentially facilitate its cell binding

🔝Antibody-dependent enhancement and SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and therapies
» doi.org/10.1038/s41564…
#ADE has been observed in SARS, MERS and other human respiratory virus infections including RSV and measles, which suggests a real risk of ADE for #SARSCoV2 #vaccines and Ab-therapies

Vaccinating #children against #SARSCoV2
» doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n1…
Should childhood infection continue to be typically mild, #Childhood #vaccination will not be necessary to halt the pandemic. The marginal benefits should therefore be considered in the context of local healthcare.

#SARSCoV2 spike-specific memory #Bcells express markers of durable immunity after non-severe #COVID19 but not after severe disease
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Markers associated w/ durable B cell memory, including T-bet, FcRL5, and CD11c, which was not observed after severe disease

Virological and Serological Characterization of #SARSCoV2 Infections Diagnosed After #mRNA #BNT162b2 #Vaccination
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
To be carefully considered for #publichealth, emphasizing the importance of communicating that #vaccine does not confer sterilizing immunity

No Significant Difference in #ViralLoad Between #Vaccinated and #Unvaccinated, #Asymptomatic and #Symptomatic Groups Infected w/ #SARSCoV2 #DeltaVariant
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
Interventions, including masking & testing, should be considered for all in settings w/ high C19 tx.

⚠️#Paracetamol in the home treatment of early #COVID19 symptoms: A possible foe rather than a friend for elderly patients?
» doi.org/10.1002/jmv.27…
New protocols proposed by a group of physicians may cause criticism of the management of C19 by politicians & academicians in Italy

⚠️A Report on #Myocarditis Adverse Events in the U.S. #Vaccine #AdverseEvents Reporting System (#VAERS) in Association with #COVID19 Injectable Biological Products
» doi.org/10.1016/j.cpca…
C19 biological products are deterministic for myocarditis cases observed after injection.

Increases in #COVID19 are unrelated to levels of vaccination across 68 countries and 2947 counties in the United States
» doi.org/10.1007/s10654…
In summary, even as efforts should be made to encourage populations to get #vaccinated it should be done so with humility and respect.

Vaccine induced immune thrombocytopenia and thrombosis: summary of NICE guidance
» doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n2…
#VITT is caused by anti-platelet factor 4 (PF4) antibodies that arise following #COVID19 #vaccination and lead to intense activation of platelets and the coagulation system.

Adverse events following COVID-19 vaccination in young Japanese people: A case-control study of the risk of systemic adverse events by a questionnaire survey
» medrxiv.org/content/10.110…
#AdverseEvents following #Moderna's intramuscular #COVID19 #vaccine in young Japanese people.

#Myocarditis after #BNT162b2 #mRNA #Vaccine against #COVID19 in Israel
» doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa…
The incidence of myocarditis -usually mild-, although low, increased after the receipt of the BNT162b2 vaccine, particularly after the second dose among young male recipients.

An observational study of #breakthrough #SARSCoV2 #DeltaVariant infections among #vaccinated healthcare workers in Vietnam
» doi.org/10.1016/j.ecli…
Breakthrough Delta infections following AZ vaccination may show high viral loads, prolonged PCR+, low levels of vaccine-induced NAb

Novel Investigation of #SARSCoV2 in #COVID19 Survivors' Semen in Surabaya, Indonesia
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.1…
SC2 could be found in semen of C19 survivors. This should be a concern for the potential impact of C19 in male fertility & the possibility of transmission reproductively

Stage III #Hypertension in Patients After #mRNA-Based #SARSCoV2 #Vaccination
» doi.org/10.1161/HYPERT…
Authors do report a case series of 9 patients with stage III hypertension documented within minutes of vaccination during the first 30 days, of which 8 were symptomatic.

⚠️Impaired Neutralizing Antibody Response to #COVID19 #mRNA #Vaccines in Cancer Patients
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.1…
Urgent need for novel immunization strategies for cancer patients against #SARSCoV2, particularly those with hematological cancers and those on anti-B cell therapies

⚠️Intravenous injection of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine can induce acute myopericarditis in mouse model
» doi.org/10.1093/cid/ci…
This study provided in-vivo evidence that inadvertent intravenous injection of #COVID19 #mRNA-#vaccines may induce #myopericarditis.

Brain death in a vaccinated patient with COVID-19 infection
» doi.org/10.1016/j.clin…
Authors present a case of brain death in a #vaccinated, immunocompromised patient who presented with #COVID19 pneumonia. This is the first case report with such findings in a vaccinated patient.

Informed consent disclosure to vaccine trial subjects of risk of #COVID19 #vaccines worsening clinical disease
» doi.org/10.1111/ijcp.1…
The risk of ADE should have been and should be prominently and independently disclosed to research subjects currently in vaccine trials.

Outbreak of #SARSCoV2 B.1.617.2 (Delta) variant in a Nursing Home 28 weeks after two doses of #mRNA anti-Covid-19 #vaccines
» doi.org/10.1101/2021.1…
Low levels of SC2 neutralizing anti-Spike IgG in serum 28 weeks after the second dose parallels the waning of vaccine protection.

Dampening of the respiratory cytokine storm is promoted by inhaled #budesonide in patients with early #COVID19
» medrxiv.org/content/10.110…
Budesonide #earlytreatment decreased IL-33 and IFN-γ, increased CCL17 concentrations, suggesting an improved T-cell response: patient recovery.

Effectiveness of Covid-19 Vaccination Against Risk of Symptomatic Infection, Hospitalization, and Death Up to 9 Months: A Swedish Total-Population Cohort Study
» dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3…
This strengthens the evidence-based rationale for administration of a third booster dose.

🚨Comprehensive investigations revealed consistent pathophysiological alterations after #vaccination with #COVID19 #vaccines
» doi.org/10.1038/s41421…
Warns pre-existing clinical conditions, including diabetes, electrolyte imbalances, renal dysfunction, and coagulation disorders.